Common PASS Questions Flashcards

1
Q

How much sleep does the average adult in the UK get in a night?

A

6.5hours

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2
Q

What 6 things can be done to help with sleep?

A

Stop looking at screens about 1hr before bed
Have regular bedtimes
Don’t lie in bed while awake/studying
Avoid caffeine before bed
Don’t exercise before bed
Optimise sleep environment

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3
Q

What is the Prochaska Diclemente cycle of change?
(The upward spiral)

A

A model of behaviour change which assesses and individuals willingness to act on a healthy behaviour change

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4
Q

What are the 6 stages of the Prochaska Diclemente cycle of change?

A

Pre-Contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Relapse

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5
Q

Pre-contemplation Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

No intention on changing g behaviour

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6
Q

Contemplation Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

Away problem exists but there has been no commitment to take any action

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7
Q

Preparation Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

Intent on taking action to address problem

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8
Q

Action Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

Active modification of the behaviour

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9
Q

Maintenance Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

Sustained change, new behaviour replaces old

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10
Q

Relapse Stage of the Prochaska Diclemente Cycle

A

Fall back to old patterns of behaviour

Theoretically, every time person goes through cycle, relapse is shorter and less devastating, THE UPWARD SPIRAL

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11
Q

The 4 main explanations for Health Inequalities from the “Black Report” in health are

A

Artefact
Social selection
Behavioural-cultural
Materialist

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12
Q

Artefact Explanation of Health INequalities

A

Health inequalities are evident due to the way statistics are collected

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13
Q

Social Selection Explanation of Health Inequalities

A

Sick individuals move down social hierarchy while healthy individuals move up

Suggesting that Health leads to social position

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14
Q

Behavioural-cultural explanation for Health Inequalities

A

Ill health due to peoples choices/decisions, knowledge and goals

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15
Q

Materialistic explanation for Health inequalities

A

Inequalities arise from differential access to material resources

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16
Q

Which explanation for Health inequalities is the most plausible?

A

Materialistic explanation

17
Q

Disadvantages of using implicit rationing?

A

-Lead to inequalities/discrimination
-Open to abuse
-Decisions based on pereception of social deserving news
-makes doctors uncomfortable

18
Q

Define Lay referral

A

Chain of a sick person contacting people for advice prior to or visiting a health care professional

19
Q

What is the inverse care law?

A

Availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for it in the population served

20
Q

Difference between equality, equity and justice?

A

Equality = Everyone treated equally
Equity = Everyone gets the support they need
Justice = Inequity was addressed and changes were made

21
Q

Definition of Health Inequality

A

Differences between people or groups of people that have been socially constructed and not due to difference in genetics or physiology

22
Q

The 3 Pereceptions of Health

A

Negative definition - Health = absences of illness

Functional Defintion - Health is ability to do certain things

Positive Definition - Health is a state of wellbeing and fitness