Instability and Consolidation: 'the Mid Tudor Crisis', 1547-1563 - Mary I, Wyatt's Rebellion Flashcards

1
Q

When was Wyatt’s Rebellion?

A
  • Jan-Feb 1554
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2
Q

Who led the rebellion?

A
  • Sir Thomas Wyatt
  • Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon
  • Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk
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3
Q

Who led the royal forces against the rebellion?

A
  • Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk
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4
Q

What was the main cause of the rebellion?

A
  • Disapproval of the marriage proposal between Mary I and Philip of Spain
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5
Q

What did Mary create to try alleviate fears surrounding her marriage to Philip?

A
  • Marriage treaty
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6
Q

When was the marriage treaty introduced?

A
  • January 1554
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7
Q

What did the marriage treaty include?

A
  • Philip would be given title of king but given none of the powers associated with the title
  • No foreigners were to be permitted to hold English offices
  • If Mary died before Philip, the Crown wouldn’t pass down to him
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8
Q

What other factors caused Wyatt’s Rebellion?

A
  • Xenophobia
  • Religion
  • Economic - decline in cloth industry
  • Political - gentry angry over losing offices within Kent
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9
Q

How was religion a factor in Wyatt’s Rebellion?

A
  • Many of Sir Thomas Wyatt’s supporters were from Maidstone, a Protestant stronghold
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10
Q

Where was the rebellion mainly based?

A
  • County of Kent
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11
Q

What were the aims of the rebellion?

A
  • To convince Mary to not marry Philip
  • Wyatt and others planned to replace Mary with Edward Courtenay or Elizabeth, but never stated openly
  • Involvement of Jane Grey’s father, suggest desires to restore Jane to the throne
  • To have 4 simultaneous revolts in Devon, Hertfordshire, Leicestershire and Kent
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12
Q

Where were there plans to have 4 simultaneous risings?

A
  • Devon
  • Hertfordshire
  • Leicestershire
  • Kent
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13
Q

How did the plan to have 4 simultaneous risings fail?

A
  • January 1554, plans leaked
  • Rebels quickly forced into action
  • Only Kent experienced a serious rising, 3 out of 4 risings materialised
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14
Q

Who was Edward Courtenay?

A
  • Earl of Devon
  • Great grandson of King Edward IV, only male claimant to throne
  • Candidate for marriage with Mary
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15
Q

What were the main events of the rebellion?

A
  • Wyatt raises his standard in Maidstone, signifying start of rebellion
  • Duke of Norfolk’s force unable to engage the rebels and is forced to retreat
  • Queen rallies support with speech
  • Rebels reach Southwark but prevented from crossing London Bridge into the city
  • Wyatt tries rallying support in London but fails and tries to enter London
  • Wyatt surrenders
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16
Q

Where did Wyatt raise his standard at the start of the rebellion?

A
  • Maidstone
17
Q

Which noble tried defeating the rebels? What was the outcome?

A
  • Duke of Norfolk
  • Failed to engage rebels and fled
18
Q

What happened when the rebels reached London?

A
  • Rebels reach Southwark, but London Bridge is closed, preventing them from entering
19
Q

When did the rebels surrender?

A
  • February 1554
20
Q

Why did the rebellion fail?

A
  • Not much support outside of Kent
  • No support from London
  • No support from Mary’s councillors
21
Q

Give brief outcomes of the rebellion

A
  • Execution of Wyatt and Lady Jane Grey
  • Imprisonment of Elizabeth
  • 100 rebels executed
  • 480 rebels tried and convicted
  • 400 pardoned
22
Q

Why was Lady Jane Grey executed?

A
  • She acted as a figurehead for other potential rebellions
  • Her father, Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk, was involved in the rebellion
23
Q

Why was Elizabeth imprisoned?

A
  • Mary believed Elizabeth knew of the rebels’ plans
  • Wyatt did not implicate her
  • Without evidence, Elizabeth was released shortly after
24
Q

How many rebels did Wyatt gather?

A
  • 3000
25
Q

How many rebels were executed?

A
  • 100
26
Q

How many rebels were tried, convicted and pardoned?

A
  • 480 rebels tried and convicted
  • 400 pardoned