Everything Session 7 (Health Promotion) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition for Health promotion?

A

The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health. It moves beyond an individual behaviour to a wide range of social and environmental interventions

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2
Q

What is the purpose of Public Health England (PHE)?

A

To protect and improve the nations health, wellbeing and reduce health inequalities

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3
Q

What is the WHO definition of Health?

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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4
Q

What is the problem with the WHO definition of health?

A

Rise of chronic illness has meant that people may never achieve health

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5
Q

What is the concept of health?

A

The ability to adapt and self manage in the face of social, physical and emotional challenge

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6
Q

What are the 5 approaches to health promotion?

A

-Medical
-Behavioural change (campaigns)
-Educational
-Empowerment (services)
-Social change (regulations e.g sugar tax)

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7
Q

Why is prevention of illness better than a cure?

A

-Stronger economy (more healthy workers)
-Reduces NHS pressure
-Healthier
-More independent lifestyles

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8
Q

What are the 5 features of The Ottawa Charter for Health promotion action?

A

-Building health public policy (having right policy in place)
-Creating a supporting environment
-Strengthening community actions
-Developing personal skills (access to information and education for health)
-Re-orientations health services

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9
Q

What are the 2 types of approaches to Health promotion?

A

-Universal (reduces risk across whole pop.)
-Targeted (aims to identify most at risk and tailor messages to them)

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10
Q

What are the 3 strategies for Health promotion?

A

-Policy, legislation and systems change
-Community development
-Health communication, information and education

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11
Q

What Policy, legislation and systems changes can be made for Health promotions?

A

-Social policy changes (Smoking ban in public places)
-Fiscal approaches (approaches to discourage health harming behaviours, taxation on cigarettes)
-Bans and restrictions (reducing availability of substances so making them illegal)

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12
Q

What are the negative effects of Obesity?
BMI > 30

A

Causes are range of co-morbidities
Economic costs about £27 Billion

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13
Q

What causes obesity and how is it distributed across the population?

A

Maintained Energy input > energy expenditure over years

It is not equally distributed among ethnicities

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14
Q

What procedures were put in place as part of The National Childhood Obesity Plan?

A

Mandatory calorie labelling on food
Ban price promotions of HFSS food and buy location (not near checkouts)
Sugar reduction (sugar tax)
Schools have to promote physical activity

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15
Q

What are the short term and long term components of weight loss?

A

Diet in the Short Term
Physical activity in the Long Term

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16
Q

What are the socioeconomic factors causing obesity?

A

Low income
Insecure work (employment)
Insufficient social activity
High living costs
Stressful environment where weight loss is less of a priority
Inability to afford healthier options

17
Q

How should we approach weight loss?

A

Give brief advice
Be aware of weight stigma
Listen to what works for a patients, not one diet fits all

18
Q

What are the 3 levels of prevention of illness?

A

-Primary prevention (prevent onset of illness)
-Secondary prevention (early diagnosis)
-Tertiary prevention (minimise effects of established diseases/prevent complications)

19
Q

What is Patient activation?

A

The knowledge, skills and confidence an individual has in managing their own and health and healthcare