Lecture 2.2: Evidence Based Practice

Question 1

What is EBM?

Answer 1

A systematic approach to medicine in which doctors and other health care professionals use the best available scientific evidence from clinical research to help make decisions about the care of individual patients

Question 2

Randomised Controlled Trials

Answer 2

Prospective studies that measure the effectiveness of a new intervention or treatment

Question 3

Case-Control Studies

Answer 3

• A case-control study is a type of observational
  study. It looks at 2 sets of participants
• One group has the condition you are interested in
  (the cases) and one group does not have it (the
  controls)
• In other respects, the participants in both groups
  are similar

Question 4

Cohort Studies

Answer 4

A research study that compares a particular outcome (i.e.,lung cancer) in groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic

Question 5

Cross-Sectional Studies

Answer 5

They are observational studies that analyse data from a population at a single point in time

Question 6

Structure of a Literature Review

Answer 6

Background
Objectives
Selection Criteria (PICO, Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria)
Search Strategy
Summary
Conclusions
Implications for Practice
Appendix

Question 7

PICO

Answer 7

Patient/population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcomes

Question 8

Prisma Flowchart

Answer 8

Look at Lecture Slides

Question 9

Cohort vs Case-Control Study

Answer 9

• The cohort study is concerned with frequency of
  disease in exposed and non-exposed individuals
• The case-control study is concerned with the
  frequency and amount of exposure in subjects with a
  specific disease (cases) and people without the disease
  (controls)