Sensation, Perception, Physiology Flashcards
The malleus, incus, and stapes (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) are found in the
middle ear
Which theory best explains how we perceive low-pitched sounds?
frequency theory
Place theory suggests that:
the pitch we hear is related to the place where the cochlea’s basilar membrane is stimulated
Gestalt psychologists emphasize that:
the whole is more than the sum of it’s parts
The perception of an object as distinct from its surroundings is called:
figure-ground perception :Figure-ground perception is the ability to differentiate an object from its background
Retinal disparity refers to the:
Retinal disparity is a binocular cue used to perceive depth between two near objects. It does so by comparing the different images from both retinas. Each eye receives different images because they are usually around two and half inches apart.
According to the opponent-process theory, cells that are turned “on” by ________ light are turned “off” by __________ light.
The opponent process theory proposes that one member of the color pair suppresses the other color. For example, we don’t see yellowish-blue color hues. The theory was first proposed by German physiologist Ewald Hering in the late 1800s.
After the invisible word “thirst” was quickly flashed and then replaced by a masking stimulus, observers detected the related word “water” much faster than the unrelated word “flower”. This best illustrates the impact of
Priming: is using a stimulus like a word, image or action to change someone’s behavior.
The process by which the lens changes shape to focus the image of an object on the retina is called
accommodation
The amplitude of electromagnetic waves determines the ________ of light.
brightness/intensity
Transduction refers to the process of
transforming stimulus energies into neural impulses
The direct link between a single cone and a single ________ preserves the fine details in the cone’s message
bipolar cell
The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time is called
the difference threshold
On the way to the temporal lobes auditory cortex, neural impulses from the auditory nerve are first relayed to the
thalamus; Your thalamus is your body’s information relay station. All information from your body’s senses (except smell) must be processed through your thalamus before being sent to your brain’s cerebral cortex for interpretation. Your thalamus also plays a role in sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning and memory.
Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as
Sensory adaptation refers to the way our senses adjust to different stimuli. Various senses—including hearing, touch, smell, proprioception, and sight—can adapt in response to changes in the environment.
