B MCAT, Misc, Deck 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Amino Acids with pos (+) charge R groups

A

Lysine
Arginine
Histidine

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2
Q

Amino Acids with neg (-) charge R groups

A

Aspartate
Glutamate

Tyrosine and Cysteine also have ionizable R groups.

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3
Q

Which amino acids are most likely to be phosphorylated?

A

The amino acids with a hydroxyl group on the side chain are most likely to be phosphorylated.
-Serine
-Threonine
-Tyrosine

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4
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness.
Focal length is too long, and image forms behind the retina.

Since focal length is half the radius of curvature, LASIK decreases the radius of curvature of the cornea, allowing images to form on the retina.

Using a converging (convex) lens creates a virtual image at the person’s near point. Power is pos (+).

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5
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness.

Focal length is too short, and image forms in front of the retina.

Since focal length is half the radius of curvature, LASIK increases the radius of curvature of the cornea, allowing images to form on the retina.

A diverging (concave) lens forms a virtual image close. Power is neg (-).

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6
Q

Key features of tertiary structure of a protein

A

Tertiary structures involve interaction between R groups of the amino acids, including ionic, covalent, and H bonds.

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7
Q

Characteristics of Polar Solvents

A

Polar Solvents (vs Nonpolar):
-Stabilizing for polar molecules
-ability of a solvent to shield ions from each other
- Larger dielectric constant ε = stronger intermolecular forces as a BULK solvent

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8
Q

Characteristics of Protic Solvents

A

Protic Solvents (vs. Aprotic):
-Potential for H-bonding
-Stabilizing for neg charge (anions)
-Look for H on highly EN atom (O or N)

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9
Q

Characteristics of Electron-Donating Solvents

A

Electron-donating solvents (vs. non-electron-donating):
-Stabilizing for pos charge (cations)
- Look for e-rich lone pair

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10
Q

in vitro vs. in vivo

A

in vitro = in a controlled environment like a petri dish.

in vivo = “within the living” (latin). In a person or other living organism.

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