Diagnostic Imaging: Neuro Imaging Flashcards
What are the different aims of neurological imaging?
- Narrow down
- Confirm
- Rule out
- D
- Surgical planning
- Treatment response
- Prognosis
What can radiology be used for in neurological cases?
- Associated with bone lesions
- Rule out of bone-associated lesions
- Limited value for intracranial conditions
- Limited value for spinal ‘soft tissue’
What are the indications for aural radiography?
- Chronic otitis
- Peripheral vestibular syndrome
- Facial nerve paralysis
- Horner’s syndrome
Middle ear disease
What are useful projections of aural radiography?
- Lateral
- Open mouth rostrocaudal
- Oblique views
How is geometric distortion avoided in spinal radiographs?
- Multiple sections
- Centre on region of intrest
What is this radiograph showing?
Alanto-axial subluxation
Toy breeds- congenital malformation or laxity of ligaments
Also trauma
Dorsal margin of the vertebral canal or axis/atlas should be straight line
What does this radiograph show?
Luxation/subluxation
* Assess the alignment of the vertebrae on orthogonal projections
How can traumatic and pathological spinal fractures be distinguished?
Traumatic- often subluxated
Pathologica- compression- lysis as well
- What is discospondylitis?
- Where is it commonly found?
- Infection of an intervertebral disc and osteomyelitis of adjacent endplates
- Lumbosacral junction
How is myelography done?
Injection of iodinated positive contrast medium into subarachnoid space
Potentially severe complications
Non-ionic low osmolar contrast
When should myelography, CT and MRI be selected for diagnosis?
Myelography
* Confirm lesion location
* When MRI cannot be used
CT
* Suspected bone lesion
* Otitis media
* Large intracranial tumours
* Peripheral nerve tumours
* Concurrent disease
MRI
* Most
* Brain and spinal cord lesions
* Seizures
* Muscular lesions
How can degenerative diseases and discosponyltitis be distinguished?
Smooth end plated in degenerative disc disease
What is spondylosis deformans?
Typical bridging or spur-like new bone arising from the ventral aspect of the endplates
Not clinically significant
