Neck

Question 1

Superior limit of the neck

Answer 1

Base of skull and mandible

Question 2

Inferior limit of neck

Answer 2

Thoracic inlet where the clavicle/collar bone is

Question 3

What divides the neck into anterior and posterior

Answer 3

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 4

Borders of the anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 4

Sternocleidomastoid, midline of body, lower border of the mandible

Question 5

Boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 5

Trapezius, Sternocleidomastoid, clavicle (middle third )

Question 6

What are the three broad categories of muscles of the anterior triangle

Answer 6

Mylohyoid
Infrahyoid / strap
Anterior belly of digastric

Question 7

What are the 4 muscles that are part of the infrahyoid/ strsp muscles

Answer 7

Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternothyroud

Question 8

Skeletal elements of the anterior triangle

Answer 8

Hyoid BONE
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage

Question 9

Anterior triangle glands

Answer 9

Thyroid
Parathyroid
Submandibular

Question 10

Goitre meaning

Answer 10

Enlarged

In the case of thyroid glands can pulpate when they swallow

Question 11

Pretracheal fascia

Answer 11

Glands are enclosed by pre tracheal fascia

Question 12

What is the embryo logical remnant of the developing thyroid gland

Answer 12

Levator glandulae thyroidae

Question 13

What is the isthmus

Answer 13

The narrow part between the right and left lobe of the thyroid gland

Question 14

What blood vessels supplies the thyroid gland

Answer 14

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

Question 15

Where does the superior thyroid artery extend from

Answer 15

External carotid

Question 16

Where does the inferior thyroid artery extend from

Answer 16

Thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

Question 17

Nerves of the anterior triangle of neck

Answer 17

Hypoglossal
Phrenic
Vagus

Question 18

Blood vessels of the anterior triangle

Answer 18

Common carotid arteries and jugular veins

Question 19

What does the accessory nerve supply

Answer 19

Motor function to Trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid

Question 20

What does the Brachial plexus (nerve) supply

Answer 20

Sensory and motor Upper limb and neck/shoulder

Question 21

Nerve roots of brachial plexus

Answer 21

C5-T1
VENTRAL rami

Question 22

What are the terminal branches of the brachial plexus

Answer 22

From top to bottom
Musculocutaneous
Axillary
Median
Radial
Ulnar

Question 23

Where does the Sternocleidomastoid attach

Answer 23

Proximal - mastoid process

Distal - sternum and clavicle

Question 24

What is special about the cricoid cartilage

Answer 24

It is the only one that formed a complete ring around trachea

Question 25

What is special about hyoid bone

Answer 25

Breaks when strangle

Only joins to muscle not to another bone

Question 26

What happens if you remove parathyroid

Answer 26

Tetany because disruption of calcium levels, contraction of muscles disrupted

Question 27

Vagus nerve innervation

Answer 27

VAGUS:
Motor – innervates the muscles of the larynx, pharynx and soft palate
Parasympathetic – smooth muscle of the trachea, bronchi (slows breathing), slows heart rate and increases gut motility
Special sensory fibres – innervation for taste sensation in the epiglottis and root of the tongue
General sensory – internal aspect of larynx and the ear canal. Also provides visceral sensory innervation to the heart and abdominal structures.

Question 28

Does the Hypoglossal nerve innervate the whole tongue muscles

Answer 28

All but one, palatoglossus

The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) provides motor innervation to all of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except for the palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X). [11

Question 29

Nerves of the posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 29

Accessory, brachial plexus, cutaneous cervical nerves