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BI543—Pathogenic Microbiology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

PRR for motile bacteria

A

TLR5

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2
Q

PRR for dsRNA

A

TLR3

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3
Q

PRR for soluble teichoic/lipoteichoic proteins

A

c-reactive protein

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4
Q

PRR for foreign products in cytoplasm

A

NOD-like

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5
Q

PRR for surface lipoprotein

A

TLR1/TLR2

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6
Q

PRR for LPS

A

TLR4

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7
Q

steps of infection

A

exposure
adherence
invasion
multiplication

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8
Q

Swine flu

pathogen
year
consequence

A

orthomyxovirus H1N1
1976
rushed & tainted vaccine

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9
Q

Legionnaire’s

pathogen
year
consequence

A

Legionella pneumophila
1976
CDC believed it was virus, ignored bacteria

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10
Q

AIDS
outbreak
earliest incidence

A

1981
1920

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11
Q

pathogenic E. coli strain

A

O157:H7

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12
Q

3 food/waterborne diseases

A

Salmonella typhi
M. tuberculosis bovis
Clostridium botulinum

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13
Q

endophytic
example

A

inside plants
E. coli

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14
Q

lung infections from contaminated mouthwash

A

Burkholderia cepacia

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15
Q

wound/burn victims
cystic fibrosis patients
blue-green

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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16
Q

Iraq war vet infection
uses HGT

A

Acinetobacterium baumannii

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17
Q

monitored by FoodNet

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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18
Q

monitors selected points in food production

A

Hazard Analysis & Critical Control Point program

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19
Q

vaginosis

A

shift from normal Lactobacillus to GN anaerobes

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20
Q

8 skin defenses

A

dry, acidic environment
cooler than internal body
keratinized cells
desquamation (shedding cells)
sebum containing harmful compounds
commensals
SALT with WBCs
tight junctions

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21
Q

skin commensals are mainly G__

A

GP

22
Q

WBCs present in dermis

A

Langerhans

23
Q

Staph epidermidis on skin prevents…

A

colonization by Staph aureus

24
Q

4 mucosal defenses

A

mucus
defensins
antibodies
MALT

25
Q

protectants present in mucus

A

lysozyme
sIgA
lactoferrin
phospholipase A2

26
Q

blackhead cause

A

sebum colonized by Propionibacterium acnes

27
Q

whitehead cause

A

neutrophil activity

28
Q

can survive for short periods in stomach lining, pH 4

A

E. coli
Salmonella
Campylobacter

29
Q

major commensal in small intestine

A

Lactobacilli

30
Q

major commensal in large intestine

A

Bacteroides

31
Q

Complements ___ and ____ directs neutrophils to site of infection in extracellular matrix

A

C3a
C5a

32
Q

cause of bubonic plague

A

Yersinia pestis

33
Q

c-reactive protein –> _______ pathway

A

classical

34
Q

nodosome and inflammasome lead to ___________ of cell, which…

A

disintegration
releases more cytokines

35
Q

steps of a signalling cascade

A

Binding event
Assembly of signaling complex
Production of signal molecule (usually through phosphorylation)
Activation of transcription factor

36
Q

lysosome contents

A

antimicrobial peptides
membrane permeabilizing proteins
proteases
phospholipases
lysozyme
defensins
nitric oxide (NO) in very trace amounts

37
Q

2 attacks in lysosome

A

macromolecule attack

oxygen attack

38
Q

oxygen attack reactions

A

superoxide
H2O2
HOCl
Fenton reaction

39
Q

cat + organism

A

staph

40
Q

Fenton reaction gives _______, which can…

A

hydroxide radical
attack DNA

41
Q

organisms that can live in phagosome or escape

A

M. tuberculosis/leprae
Salmonella
Rickettsia

42
Q

used to fight organisms that persist in phagosome

A

autophagosome

43
Q

4 cardinal signs

A

rubor – redness
tumor – swelling
calor – heat
dolor – pain

44
Q

5 main actions of complement

A

opsonization
chemotaxis
inflammation
agglutination
MAC

45
Q

C5 – C5a + C5b – C6 + C7 – C8 – C9

A

MAC

46
Q

__________ are GN bacteria can resist the MAC

A

serum-resistant

47
Q

deficiency of MAC proteins increases susceptibility to

A

Neisseria

48
Q

C1 + IgG – C1r + C1s – C2 + C4 – C3b coating – C5 and MAC

A

classical pathway

49
Q

MBL – C2 + C4 – C2aC4b – C3b fragments – C4bC2aC3b – C5 and MAC

A

lectin pathway

50
Q

4 stages of septic shock

A

SIRS
sepsis
severe sepsis
septic shock

51
Q

main problem with septic shock

A

widespread vasodilation

52
Q

specific major complication of septic shock

A

DIC

BI543—Pathogenic Microbiology (10 decks)

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