Overview of The Function of The Cardiovascular system COPY

Question 1

What does the blood flow sytsem of the CVS carry?

Answer 1

Question 2

If the pumps are in series (right and left ventricle) what does this imply?

Answer 2

Output must be equal

Question 3

Why are most vascular beds in parallel?

Answer 3

Ensures all tissues get oxygenated blood,

Allows regional redirection of blood

Question 4

Give an example of when there are local regions of vessels being in series

Answer 4

Blood flow system between the liver and gut

Hypothalamus releasing hormones which travel directly to anterior pituitary

Question 5

Why does the skin receive more oxygen than it uses?

Answer 5

Thermoregulation

Question 6

Which organs receive less of the percentage cardiac output than percentage oxygen consumption?

Answer 6

Question 7

How do you calculate flow?

Answer 7

Question 8

How is difference in pressure calculated?

Answer 8

Question 9

How is the resistance calculated?

Answer 9

Question 10

Which vessels can affect resistance and influence blood distribution?

Answer 10

Arterioles

Question 11

How does the size of blood vessels change?

Answer 11

Arteries - arterioles - capillaries

Question 12

How does the size of the veins change?

Answer 12

Capillaries - venules - veins

Question 13

What are elastic arteries?

Answer 13

Question 14

What are muscular arteries?

Answer 14

Question 15

What are arteriole vessels?

Answer 15

Question 16

What are capillaries

Answer 16

Exchange vessels

Narrow lumen

Thin wall

Question 17

What are venules

Answer 17

Capacitance vessels

Wide lumen

Thin, distensible walls

Low resistance conduits

Allows fractional distribution of blood between veins and rest of circulation

Question 18

Are valves active or passive?

Answer 18

Passive

Question 19

What separates the ventricles?

Answer 19

Interventricular septum

Question 20

What vein enters the right atrium?

Answer 20

Vena cava

Question 21

What is the mitral valve?

Answer 21

Valve between left atrium & left ventricle of heart,

Has two tapered cusps.

Question 22

Define the tricuspid valve?

Answer 22

At opening of right atrium of heart into right ventricle

Resembles the mitral valve in structure

Consists of three triangular membranous flaps

Called also right atrioventricular valve.

Question 23

Define chordae tendinae

Answer 23

Tendons that connect papillary muscles to tricuspid valve & mitral valve in the heart.

Question 24

Define papillary muscle

Answer 24

Muscles located in ventricles of heart.

Attach to cusps of atrioventricular valves via chordae tendineae

Contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves on systole