Chapter 5 Flashcards
Which local institutions hold people before trial, before they are sentenced, or after they are convicted to terms usually less than a year?
Jails - Jails hold people before trial, before they are sentenced, or after they are convicted to terms usually less than a year. In England, in the Middle Ages, these institutions were called goals.
Who (in most states) operates jails?
The county sheriff operates jails. During the Middle Ages, the shire reeve operated jails in England.
Some cities, states, and the federal government also operate jails. True or False
True - Most jails are operated by the county sheriff, but some cities, states, and the federal government also operate jails.
The first part of the typical processing of an inmate at a county jail is booking. True or False
False - The first part of the typical processing of an inmate at a county or city jail is the delivery of the arrestee to the facility by a law enforcement officer.
In response to the ______, some jails have increased their ROR (release on recognizance –sometimes called PTO – promise to appear) orders or relaxed bail requirements.
COIVD-19
Overcrowding occurs when ______.
the number of inmates exceeds the physical capacity available.
Recent increases in incarceration rates of women and people of color is often attributed to ______.
Sentencing policies - The war on drugs is the primary reason for the increases in incarceration for women and people of color.
A small minority of jail inmates have been told they have mental health problems. True or False
False - Approximately 44% of jail inmates have been told they have mental health problems.
Which court case determined that inmates have a constitutional right to reasonable medical care?
Estelle v. Gamble determined that inmates have a constitutional right to reasonable medical care. The court held that to be deliberately indifferent to the medical needs of inmates would violate the Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment.
Compared to younger inmates, older inmates are much more likely to have issues with ______.
Cancer - Older inmates cost jails a lot of money, and they have many medical problems
Female inmates are more likely to report cancer than their male counterparts. True or False
True - Female inmates report a rate of cancer that was almost 8 times that of their male counterparts.
For convicted offenders who used substances at the time of offense, which substance was most likely to be in their system?
Alcohol - For convicted offenders who used substances at the time of offense, alcohol was more likely to be in their systems than drugs (33% for alcohol, as opposed to 29% for drugs).
What is the leading cause of death in adult jails?
Suicide is the leading cause of death in adult jails from 2006 to 2016. This accounted for nearly one third of deaths in jails.
Half of suicide victims in jails are female. True or False
False - Only 7% were female.
The Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) mandated that ______.
PREA mandated that the BJS collect data on sexual assaults in jails and prisons and that it identify facilities with high levels of victimization.
