CH 15

Question 1

Efforts for the drug war have been increasing in recent years. True or False

Answer 1

False - Many correctional policies did not work as well as they were intended to.

There have been decreased efforts toward the war on drugs in recent years.

Question 2

The number of people in jails has ______ over the past 40 years.

Answer 2

The number of people in jails has increased significantly - by about 400% over the past 40 years.

Question 3

Punitive policies have led to an increase in the use of ______.

Answer 3

Punitive policies have increased numbers in corrections across the board.

There are not many areas of corrections that have not been influenced by the punitive policies of the 1980s and 1990s.

Question 4

What is the only country with similar incarceration rates as the United States?

Answer 4

Russia - We still have rates that are 1.5 times that of this country.

Question 5

We have proportionately more crimes these days than at any other period in our history. True or False

Answer 5

False - We have less crime now.

Policies can affect our perceptions of how much crime exists

Question 6

In the past 10 years, incarceration rates have ______.

Answer 6

Declined – Incarceration rates have decreased by about 13% over the past 10 years.

Question 7

The legalization of marijuana in many states has likely contributed to lower incarceration rates. True or False

Answer 7

True - As of 2020, in only eight states is marijuana possession and use completely illegal.

Question 8

What is the most common type of offender in state prison?

Answer 8

Violent - Over half of the offenders in state prisons have been convicted of a violent crime.

Depending on the jurisdiction, violent crimes may include: homicide, murder, assault, manslaughter, sexual assault, rape, robbery, negligence, endangerment, kidnapping (abduction), extortion, and harassment.

Question 9

What is a possible negative outcome of decarceration?

Answer 9

Increased use of drugs and alcohol by ex-inmates - One disadvantage of decarceration is that there could be increased use of drugs and alcohol by ex-inmates.

Question 10

The United States is moving away from the penal harm movement toward that of penal help. True or False

Answer 10

True -

Question 11

As we look toward the future, one concern that should preoccupy those concerned about correctional practice is ______.

Answer 11

Professionalism - We need well-trained and educated people working in corrections.

Question 12

Hiring and keeping a professional staff are keys to moving correctional institutions into the 21st century. True or False

Answer 12

true

Question 13

What is the double-edged sword in relationships, according to Goleman?

Answer 13

Positive relationships enhance health, whereas negative relationships produce adverse effects on mental health.

Goleman argued that we are “wired to connect.”

Question 14

What can reduce some of the negative emotions associated with working in corrections?

Answer 14

Democratization of the workplace can reduce some of the negative emotions associated with working in corrections.

Question 15

Goleman identified three types of intelligence. True or False

Answer 15

False - Goleman only identified two types of intelligence—emotional and social.

Goleman identified a few types of intelligences that are meant to help us in our relationships.

Question 16

______ occurs when services are provided by or whole correctional institutions are operated by private businesses or corporations.

Answer 16

Privatization in corrections occurs when services are provided by or whole correctional institutions are operated by private businesses or corporations.

Question 17

The operation of corrections in the United States has become even businesslike, with some commentators characterizing the system as the ______.

Answer 17

The operation of corrections in the United States has become even businesslike, with some commentators characterizing the system as the corrections–industrial complex.

Profit is the motive in this type of correctional facility.

Question 18

Until 2016, the largest juvenile correctional facility in the United States was run by a private prison company. True or False

Answer 18

True - This facility was the Walnut Grove Correctional Facility in Mississippi.

This facility was the subject of an investigation by National Public Radio.

Question 19

The largest private prison company is ______.

Answer 19

The largest private prison company is Corrections Corporation of America.

This company made $29 million from the Idaho contract alone

Four largest - Corrections Corporation of America, GEO Group, Core Civic, and Management and Training Corporation.

Question 20

Private prisons have been plagued by problems such as corruption. True or False

Answer 20

True - Private prisons have been plagued by problems such as escapes and corruption.

Question 21

What caused the sharp increase in the prison population and the use of corrections overall?

Answer 21

Punitive policies have led to an increase in the use of corrections.

Question 22

The war on drugs has increased the rates of racial and ethnic minority populations in prison. True or False

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Since 1980, probation populations have decreased. True or False

Answer 23

False - Probation populations have increased since 1980.