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N3 GERO > Exam 2 - Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

xerosis definition

A

extremely dry, cracked, and itchy skin

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2
Q

what is the most common skin problem?

A

xerosis

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3
Q

what exacerbates xerosis?

A

inadequate fluid intake

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4
Q

which characteristic of older people’s skin leads to xerosis?

A

thinner epidermis

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5
Q

nursing interventions for xerosis

A
  • use water-laden emulsions and super-fatted soaps
  • provide adequate hydration
  • use mineral oil or vaseline
  • avoid daily baths
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6
Q

hallmark symptom of xerosis

A

pruritus

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7
Q

what are other ways to relieve pruritus?

A
  • cool compress
  • oatmeal bath
  • Epsom salt bath
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8
Q

pruritus can be concurrent with which systemic disorders?

A
  • renal failure
  • biliary/ hepatic disease
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9
Q

which interventions can help relieve pruritus?

A
  • avoid using perfume
  • avoid sudden temperature changes
  • wear loose-fitting clothing
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10
Q

purpura definition

A

extravasation of blood into the surrounding tissue

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11
Q

where is purpura commonly found?

A

dorsal forearm and hands

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12
Q

what causes purpura?

A

fragile dermal capillaries

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13
Q

which medications can increase likelihood of purpura?

A

anticoagulants

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14
Q

incidence of purpura is normal due to changes of skin in older adults

A

true

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15
Q

what are the interventions for people prone to purpura?

A

wear long-sleeved pants and skirts

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16
Q

what makes actinic keratosis dangerous?

A

it is a precancerous skin lesion

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17
Q

how does one get actinic keratosis?

A

UV light overexposure

tanning beds

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18
Q

characteristics of actinic keratosis

A
  • rough
  • scaly
  • sandpaper-like patches
  • pink to reddish brown color
  • erythematous base
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19
Q

actinic keratosis is painless and mildly tender

A

true

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20
Q

how often should the dermatologist monitor actinic keratosis?

A

every 6-12 months

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21
Q

how is actinic keratosis treated?

A

topical field therapy and physical removal

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22
Q

what are the two types of keratosis (overgrowth of keratin on the skin)?

A
  • actinic
  • seborrheic
23
Q

seborrheic keratosis is a benign growth

A

true

24
Q

where does seborrheic keratosis usually appear on the body?

A

trunk, face, neck, scalp

25
Q

characteristics of seborrheic keratosis

A
  • waxy
  • raised
  • flesh colored/ pigmented
  • “stuck-on” appearance
26
Q

seborrheic keratosis can be removed by a dermatologist

A

true

27
Q

how does seborrheic keratosis show up on darker skinned people?

A

as numerous small, dark, and tag-like lesions

mostly on face

28
Q

herpes zoster is a viral infection

A

true

29
Q

what is another name for HZ?

A

shingles

30
Q

which populations does HZ commonly affect?

A
  • people older than 50
  • immunocompromised
  • those who take immunosuppressive drugs
31
Q

describe HZ lesions

A

painful vesicular rashes

32
Q

where does HZ appear?

A

along dermatomes

nerve pathways

33
Q

patient education for HZ

A

get Zostavax shot when you’re 60 years old and older

34
Q

oral antiviral agent for HZ

A

acyclovir

35
Q

analgesics may be administered to a patient with HZ to help relieve pain

A

true

36
Q

describe the onset of HZ before the rash occurs

A
  • itching
  • tingling
  • pain

on the affected dermatome

37
Q

HZ is highly contagious

A

true

38
Q

acquiring HZ can lead to Postherpetic Neuralgia regardless of vaccination

A

true

39
Q

actions of Zostavax

A
  • reduced likelihood of acquiring HZ
  • leads to a much milder case of infection
40
Q

Candidiasis is a yeast infection

A

true

41
Q

which conditions are associated with an increased risk for Candidiasis?

A
  • obesity
  • DM
  • malnutrition
  • long-term steroid use
42
Q

where does Candida appear?

A

skin folds and mouth

43
Q

how does Candida appear in the mouth?

A

thrush

white patches

44
Q

how does Candida appear on the skin?

A
  • maculopapular
  • glazed
  • red
45
Q

characteristics of advanced Candida lesions on the skin

A
  • central area of papule is red/ dark or weeping
  • has red/ dark satellite lesions
46
Q

interventions for patients with Candidiasis

A
  • keep skin clean and dry
  • monitor glucose levels
47
Q

PI stage 1

A

intact skin with nonblanchable erythema

48
Q

PI stage 2

A

partial-thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis

49
Q

PI stage 3

A
  • adipose fat is now visible
  • epibole evident
  • slough and eschar may be visible
  • tunneling
50
Q

PI stage 4

A
  • full-thickness skin and tissue loss
  • muscle and bones will be visible
51
Q

unstageable PI

A

obscuring by slough or eschar

necrosis evident

52
Q

PI is a preventable adverse event

A

true

53
Q

PI has a high occurence among which population?

A
  • admitted older adults
  • those with orthopedics (or have undergone orthopedic procedures)
54
Q

how are PIs prevented?

A
  • adequate nutrition & hydration
  • reduced moisture
  • turn often
  • daily skin inspection

N3 GERO (19 decks)

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