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Virology > Equine Infectious Anemia > Flashcards

Equine Infectious Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

what viral family does EIA belong to

A

retroviridae

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2
Q

what type of virus is EIA

A

RNA
enveloped

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3
Q

true or false:
This virus can cause latent or chronic infection with no chance for vaccine due to high mutation rates

A

true

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4
Q

true or false:
This virus can cause latent or chronic infection with no chance for vaccine due to high mutation rates

A

true

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5
Q

what is the common name for EIA

A

swamp fever

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6
Q

how is EIA transmitted

A

blood-feeding insects (mechanical vectors)

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7
Q

what is the most common blood-feeding insect to transmit EIA

A

stable fly

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8
Q

when would you expect to see more cases of equine infectious anemia

A

summer and fall

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9
Q

true or false:

equine infectious anemia can be spread iatrogenically through dirty needles and instruments

A

true

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10
Q

true or false:

infected EIA animals are safe to donate blood

A

false
EIA stays in the blood and is transmittable

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11
Q

how can a mare give EIA to the foal

A

placenta
milk

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12
Q

where does the virus persist in the body for life

A

leukocytes

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13
Q

which type of infected animal is more likely to transmit EIA

A

animals showing signs

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14
Q

what are the 4 stages of EIA

A

acute
acute cases transforming into subacute
recovered
chronic

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15
Q

what are the clinical signs of an acute stage EIA

A

fever
weakness
severe anemia
jaundice
blood stained feces
tachypnea
petechial hemorrhage

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16
Q

true false:
80% of acute EIA cases are fatal

A

true

17
Q

what are the clinical signs of chronic EIA disease

A

failure to thrive
episodic
persistent fever
cachexia anemia
ventral edema

18
Q

what does the virus have tropism for

A

macrophages and lymphocytes

19
Q

what can often be seen in cases of EIA

A

anemia
thrombocytopenia

20
Q

how does EIA cause an immunopathology

A

vasculitis and glomerulonephritis caused by immune complexes

21
Q

what test is used to test for EIA

A

Coggins

22
Q

what type of test is a Coggins test

A

immunodiffusion

23
Q

what tests are used for EIA

A

Coggins
antibody ELISA

24
Q

true or false:
Coggins and antibody ELISA always give the most accurate diagnostics

A

false
false negatives can happen in the early stages

25
Q

what test can be used to detect proviral EIA DNA

A

PCR

Virology (27 decks)

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