psych lab test component Flashcards

1
Q

self esteem lab:
what is unconscious bias?

A

measured bu the difference between reaction times (RT) on inconsistent and consistent stereotype conditions of the illicit associations test (ITA)

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2
Q

self esteem lab:
what is ITA?

A

ITA we did in class presented two categories made of one each of gender: male or female, and role/area of study: family/humanities or career/science, on each side of the screen.

The DV, RT, was measures by the speed in categorizing an exemplar word into either category

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3
Q

self esteem lab:
first & second conditions

A
  • stereotype constant (‘together constant’; female and family/humanities, male and career/science)
  • second stereotype inconsistent (‘together inconsistent’; female and career/science, male and family/humanities)
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4
Q

self esteem lab:
objective

A

In individuals had a bias in the direction of the traditional stereotypes (consistent), then they would have a slower RT for the inconsistent as compared to consistent trials, making their difference score between these two conditions a positive value. The opposite (slower RT for consistent as for inconsistent trials) would indicate a bias in opposition of traditional gender-role stereotypes, resulting in a negative difference score

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5
Q

self esteem lab;
correlations (r)

A

measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables, often depicted in scatterplots
- Direction
-Positive
- Negative
- No direction
- Strength
- Always a values between -1 to 1
String relationships have r close to -1 to 1
No relationships is around 0

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6
Q

self esteem lab:
3 Steps for Understanding Correlations

A
  1. Look for absence of relationship
  2. Determine direction of relationship (positive or negative)
  3. Determine strength of relationship
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7
Q

What is the difference between an experiment and a correlation study

A
  • experimental design, you manipulate an independent variable and measure its effect on a dependent variable. Other variables are controlled so they can’t impact the results.
  • In a correlational design, you measure variables without manipulating any of them.
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8
Q

self esteem lab:
Reliability & Validity

A
  • Reliability: the extent to which assessments are consistent (‘repeatability’)
  • Validity: the extent to which assessments are accurate
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9
Q

self esteem lab:
Internal consistency (reliability)

A
  • consistency of results across items on the same test (winton questionnaire)
  • Split-half correlations
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10
Q

self esteem lab:
Convergent Validity

A

the degree where scores on a test correlate with scores on other tests which are designed to assess the same construction (between questionnaires)

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11
Q

self esteem lab:
Rosenberg

A

Rosenberg (old test)
- 10 questions
- Established
- Higher score = higher self-esteem

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12
Q

self esteem lab:
Sorenson

A

Sorenson (Newer)
50 questions
Newer
Lower score = higher self-esteem

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13
Q

self esteem lab:
Validating a new survey (ideal way)

A
  1. Give surely to everyone in sample and gather all scores
  2. Send everyone to 10 hours of therapy with a qualified therapist, having the therapist give you a score
  3. Calculate the correlation between the survey & therapist score
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14
Q

self esteem lab:
Validating a new survey (other way)

A
  1. Give old survey to everyone, gather scores
  2. Give new sure to everyone, gather scores
  3. Calculate correlation between scores
    - Correlate two scores together
    - So split-half correlation within new survey
    - Prediction: people who have high self-esteem should score high on the Rosenberg and low on the Sorenson
    -This would look like a strong, negative correlation
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15
Q

self esteem lab:
How does csikszentimihalyi’s flow and mallows relate

A
  • mallows hierarchy of needs
    • peak experience (self-actualization)
  • Csikszentmihalyi’s Flow
    • optimal experience
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16
Q

self esteem lab:
Maslow - deficit reduction

A
  • Interested in the psychology of personal growth and well-being
  • Emphasized choice, creativity, and self-actualization
  • Hierchary of needs
17
Q

self esteem lab:
Self-actualization is correlated with?

A
  1. An accurate perception of reality
  2. An acceptance elf themselves and others
  3. A focus on problem solving instead of the self
  4. An appreciation of life
  5. An ethical, creative, humorous, and philosophical approach to life
  6. A sense of winder, awe, reverence and humility
  7. Feeling of surrender to the experience
  8. An openness to perceiving mystic (religious or philosophical)
18
Q

self esteem lab:
Flow

A

the exhilaration felt by an individual who undertakes tasks using complex skills should have clear goals and immediate feedback

19
Q

meditation lab:
Herbert Benson

A
  • A mechanism for controlling breathing countering the “fight or flight” response
  • Uses relaxation responses to counter act response
20
Q

meditation lab:
Bensons 8 steps to the relaxation response

A
  1. Chose focus word, phrase, or short prayer for meditation
    • We have a focus word because it stops our inner monologue
  2. Find a quiet place, sit still and conformably
  3. Close your eyes
  4. Progressively relax your muscles from your feet to your head
  5. Focus your attention on breathing slowly and naturally
  6. Assume a passive attitude
  7. Continue for 12-15 minutes
  8. Practice the technique at least once a day for at least 30 days
21
Q

mediation lab:
what effect does meditation have on attention and memory (IV) (DV)

A

IV: meditation (pre-test, post-test)
DV: attention (time (seconds) it takes to stop motion illusion), and memory (time (seconds) it takes to solve math questions)