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OB 2 > Postpartum Uterus > Flashcards

Postpartum Uterus Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Puerperium period?

A

Expulsion of placenta and uterine contents to 6-8 weeks after birth OR when uterus regains its normal shape

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2
Q

What does POVT stand for?

A

Postpartum Ovarian Vein Thrombophlebitis

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3
Q

When does involution of the uterus usually occur?

A

1 week after delivery

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4
Q

What causes the resuming of normal menstrual cycle after birth?

A

Discontinuance of lactation

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5
Q

Size of postpartum myometrium?

A

7-10cm

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6
Q

When should endometrial thickening go back to normal?

A

End of the postpartum period

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7
Q

What should free fluid in the endometrial cavity measure to be normal?

A

No greater than 1.2 to 1.4cm

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8
Q

If fluid in the endometrial cavity following measures 1.1cm, is it considered normal?

A

YES: no greater than 1.2 to 1.4 cm

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9
Q

Width of uterus after birth?

A

7-14 cm

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10
Q

Length of uterus after birth?

A

14-25 cm

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11
Q

What usually results in emergency hysterectomy?

A

Acute hemorrhage

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12
Q

Bleeding occurring over several days to a few weeks after birth is known as?

A

Delayed hemorrhage

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13
Q

Postpartum hemorrhage is classified as how many mL with vaginal birth and with C-section?

A
  1. Vaginal birth = 500mL
  2. C-section = 1000mL
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14
Q

What is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Placenta accreta

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15
Q

What is puerperal infection characterized by?

A

Temperature of 38 degrees or higher on any 2 successive days after the first 24 hours postpartum

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16
Q

What is usually the first sign of infection?

A

Uterine tenderness

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17
Q

What is lochia?

A

Discharge in puerperal period

18
Q

What may be the cause of odorous lochia postpartum?

A

Uterine infection

19
Q

What are the most common kind of puerperal infection?

A

UTI

20
Q

What does VBAC stand for?

A

Vaginal Birth After C-section

21
Q

What may increase the incidence of endometritis?

A

Vaginal delivery after c-section

22
Q

Sonographic features of endometritis?

A
  1. Thick
  2. Irregular
  3. May have fluid in endocervical canal
23
Q

Patient seen with gas in endocervical canal 4 weeks after delivery, is this normal?

A

No: Gas may be seen up to 3 weeks after delivery, but is abnormal after 3 weeks

24
Q

Patient seen with gas in endocervical canal 1 week after delivery. Is this finding significant?

A

NO: Gas is normal within endocervical canal up to 3 weeks postpartum

25
Q

A highly echogenic mass is seen within the endometrium postpartum. What may this be?

A

RPOC

26
Q

What postpartum abnormality may be the cause of having indistinction between the endometrium and myometrium? AKA losing differentiation between the two

A

Endometritis

27
Q

What is one of the most common causes of postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Uterine atony

28
Q

What is the term for the postpartum uterus that is flaccid and unable to hold its shape?

A

Atony

29
Q

Define thrombophlebitis

A

Inflamed vein due to a thrombus in the vessel lumen

30
Q

What are other reasons other than postpartum that can cause POVT?

A
  1. PID
  2. Malignancies
31
Q

What is Virchow’s triad?

A

Related to POVT

  1. Venous stasis
  2. Hypercoagulation of blood
  3. Damage to venous walls
32
Q

Venous damage in PVOT is due to what?

A

The expansion and contraction of the uterus

33
Q

Which ovarian vein is usually affected in PVOT?

A

Right

34
Q

Sonography captures images of anechoic tubular structures that extend superiorly from the adnexa in a postpartum woman. What may be the cause?

A

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombophlebitis

35
Q

What are the most common symptoms of PVOT?

A

Pelvic pain
R sided mass
Fever

Usually felt within the first 48-96 hours postpartum

36
Q

What is a complication due to a c-section?

A

Hematoma at the bladder flap

37
Q

What is most commonly seen at the bladder flap in postpartum c-section?

A

Hematoma

38
Q

What factors may cause infection after a c-section? (4)

A
  1. Contaminated amniotic fluid entering incision
  2. When there is already an infection
  3. Endometritis
  4. Long operating time
39
Q

What two places can infection occur after c-section?

A
  1. Abdominal wall
  2. Uterine wall
40
Q

What causes the formation of a placental polyp?

A

Placental tissue remaining in uterus after birth

41
Q

When do symptoms of PVOT usually present?

A

within 48-96 hours after birth

OB 2 (20 decks)

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