Cognition & Learning Part 1

Question 1

Mental Activity associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating information

Answer 1

Cognition

Question 2

Mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people

Answer 2

Concept

Question 3

Superordinate is the broadest, Basic is between, Subordinate is the narrow

Answer 3

Concept

Question 4

Mental image of the best example of a specific category or concept

Answer 4

Prototype

Question 5

Ability to produce novel and valuable ideas within any discipline

Answer 5

Creativity

Question 6

Active control and awareness of your thinking

Answer 6

Metacognition

Question 7

Complex process during which we examine what we are thinking

Answer 7

Metacognition

Question 8

Process by which we try out different solution until we find the one that works

Answer 8

Trial & Error

Question 9

Logical procedure that guarantees success because it explores every possibility, time consuming

Answer 9

Algorithm

Question 10

Rule of thumb/simple thinkning

Answer 10

Heuristic

Question 11

Often allows us to make judgements and solve problem efficiently

Answer 11

Heuristic

Question 12

More efficient but does not guarantee success and sometime impedes problem solving

Answer 12

Heuristic

Question 13

Tendency to judge the likelihood of things in terms of their usual functions or how it matches a prototype

Answer 13

Representative Heuristic

Question 14

Tendency to estimate the likelihood of events based on their availability of memory

Answer 14

Availability Heuristic

Question 15

Sudden and often novel realization of the solution of a problem

Answer 15

Insight

Question 16

Contrast with trial and error and may often follow unsuccessful episode of trial and error

Answer 16

Insight

Question 17

Mental approach to problems and issues often connected to the psychological construct of intelligence

Answer 17

Mindset

Question 18

What we know without knowing how we know it

Answer 18

Intuition

Question 19

Mental Approach that believes we can improve

Answer 19

Growth Minset

Question 20

Mental Approach that believes there will never be a change

Answer 20

Fixed Mindset

Question 21

Obstacle to problem solving in which people tend to search for information that validates their preconceptions

Answer 21

Confirmation Bias

Question 22

Inability to approach a problem in a new way or fresh point of view

Answer 22

Fixation

Question 23

Tendency to apply a problem-solving strategy that has been successful in the past but many not be useful now

Answer 23

Mental Set

Question 24

Type of fixation in which a person can think of things only in terms of their unusual functions

Answer 24

Functional Fixedness

Question 25

Tendency to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs and judgements

Answer 25

Overconfidence

Question 26

Way and issue of question is posed- can affect the perceptions of the issue or answer to the questions

Answer 26

Framing