1 - Introduction

Question 1

What is the definition of a microbe?

Answer 1

organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope

Question 2

What is the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?

Answer 2

Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles and eukaryotes do and are also more complex, higher organisms.

Question 3

What term describes a microbe that causes disease?

Answer 3

pathogen

Question 4

What are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 4

1. bacteria
2. archaea
3. eukarya

Question 5

What makes up the scientific name of an organism?

Answer 5

Genus species (italicized or underlined)

Question 6

What are archaea?

Answer 6

prokaryotes with no peptidoglycan and often found in harsh environments

Question 7

What are the 3 groups of archaea?

Answer 7

1. Methanogens (produce methane as waste)
2. Halophiles (salt loving)
3. Thermophiles (heat loving)

Question 8

What are Koch’s postulates?

Answer 8

1. same microbe must be present in every case of the disease
2. pathogen must be isolated and cultured
3. must cause disease when given to health test specimen
4. must be isolated from the tested specimen

Question 9

Mycology is the study of ______.

Answer 9

Fungi

Question 10

Bioremediation

Answer 10

using microbes to break down pollutants and toxins

Question 11

Microflora

Answer 11

collection of microbes that live on or inside our bodies (do not harm)

Question 12

Biofilm

Answer 12

community of microbes on a surface (teeth, plastic, countertop)

Question 13

Louis Pasteur hypothesized that microbes were in the air and dust. Through experiments using swan-necked flasks, he disproved the concept of:

Answer 13

spontaneous generation

Question 14

Aseptic techniques aim to reduce the number of microbes in medical settings, thus preventing wound infection and disease. These techniques were first introduced in a surgical setting by

Answer 14

Joseph Lister

Question 15

Viruses may also be carried from patient to patient transmitting disease, even though they differ from bacteria in that they are:
a. parasitic invertebrate animals
b. infectious proteins
c. metabolically active eukaryotes
d. noncellular particles

Answer 15

d. noncellular particles

Question 16

Robert Hooke major discovery

Answer 16

observed cells under microscope

Question 17

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek discovery

Answer 17

first to observe microbial cells under microscope

Question 18

Louis Pasteur discoveries:

Answer 18

1. disproved spontaneous generation
2. pasteurization
3. fermentation
4. germ theory of disease

Question 19

Joseph Lister discovery

Answer 19

aseptic technique

Question 20

Robert Koch discovery

Answer 20

Koch’s postulates (linking disease to organisms)

Question 21

Edward Jenner discovery

Answer 21

vaccines

Question 22

Alexander Fleming discovery

Answer 22

antibiotics (penicillin)