UNIT 4 6B: Cellular Pathogens

Question 1

Cellular Pathogen

Answer 1

A living organism that causes disease within a host

Question 2

Bacteria

Answer 2

Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles

Question 3

Tetanus

Answer 3

A bacterial disease characterised by muscle stiffness and spasms

Question 4

Spores (bacterial)

Answer 4

Structures that bacteria form that aid in the survival of the organism under adverse environmental conditions

Question 5

Fungi

Answer 5

A wide variety of eukaryotic organisms that include mushrooms, mould and yeasts

Question 6

Terrestrial

Answer 6

Describes any living organism that lives or grows on land

Question 7

Hyphae

Answer 7

Long, branching filaments that extend off the main body of the fungus and secrete digestive enzymes

Question 8

Mycelium

Answer 8

A collection of Hyphae

Question 9

Tinea

Answer 9

A common fungal infection that results in a red, flaky rash in the area of the body that is affected

Question 10

Protozoa

Answer 10

Unicellular, eukaryotic organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista; singular protozoan

Question 11

Heterotrophic

Answer 11

Describes any organism that obtains its nutrients by feeding on organic matter

Question 12

Cilia

Answer 12

Short microtubule projections from a cell that move to provide motility (movement of the cell) or movement of fluid

Question 13

What is the most common mode of transmission for protozoa

Answer 13

Direct ingestion of dormant cysts and bites from insect vectors

Question 14

Malaria

Answer 14

A serious disease caused by the Plasmodium protozoan, which invades red blood cells when transmitted by mosquito vectors into the host

Question 15

Endemic

Answer 15

The constant presence or regular occurence of a disease within a particular area

Question 16

What are the four characteristics of cells

Answer 16

Genetic Material
Cytosol
Ribosomes
Plasma membrane

Question 17

What percentage of bacteria that inhabit earth are pathogenic

Answer 17

Less than 5%

Question 18

How often do bacteria divide

Answer 18

every 20 minutes

Question 19

Define

Superbug

Answer 19

Any organism that has developed resistance to antibiotics

Question 20

How do fungi cause disease to plants

Answer 20

The fungal hyphae/spores make their way into the plant, where they live on hte resources that the plant needs to survive. As the fungus grow,s, it causes the plant stress, resulting in the plant’s eventual death.

Some fungu penetrate the plant and the root hairs, blocking access to water, causing it to wilt and die

Question 21

How many species of protozoa are considered pathogenic

Answer 21

Fewer than 24

Question 22

How are protozoa effective at causing disease?

Answer 22

Protozoa have a unique and complex reproductive strategy. In some stages of their life cycle, reproduction is sexual, whereas in other stages it is asexual. This complex reproductive strategy with their use of multiple hosts makes the development of effective tools against the pathogen more difficult

Question 23

What is the most common mode of transmission for protozoa infection?

Answer 23

Direct ingestion of dormant cysts and bites from insect vectors