Biology- Asexual And Sexual Reproduction

Question 1

What does asexual reproduction involve

Answer 1

• only one parent
• no fusion of gametes (sex cells) so no mixing of genetic information
• the production of genetically identical offspring
• mitosis

Question 2

What does sexual production involve

Answer 2

• the fusion of male and female gametes ( sperm and egg in animals, pollen and egg in plants)
• this leads to a mix of genetic information, which produces a variation in offspring
• the formation of gametes involves meiosis

Question 3

What are the steps of meiosis

Answer 3

1) each chromosome replicates
2) chromosomes part company and move to opposite poles
3) cells divide for the first time
4) the 2 copies separate and the second cell division takes place
5) four haploid cells (gametes) each with half the amount of chromosomes of the parent cells are formed

Question 4

Why is meiosis important

Answer 4

• because it halves the number of chromosomes in gametes meaning that fertilisation can restore the full number of chromosomes

Question 5

What is DNA

Answer 5

The genetic material in the nucleus of the cell

Question 6

What is a gene

Answer 6

A small section of DNA on a chromosome

Question 7

What is a genome

Answer 7

The entire genetic material of that organism

Question 8

How is the genome important for the future

Answer 8

• doctors can search for genes linked to different types of disorder
• it helps scientists to understand the cause of inherited disorders and how to treat them
• scientists can investigate how humans may have changed over time

Question 9

Smallest ——> biggest (gene chromosone dna )

Answer 9

Smallest
1) DNA
2) Gene
3) chromosone
Biggest