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Physiology exam 1 > Autonomic Nervous sytem > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous sytem Flashcards

1
Q

efferent division of the peripheral nervous system is subdivided into

A

somatic and autonomic

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2
Q

autonomic nervous system is divided into

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

rest and digest is what nervous system

A

parasympathetic

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4
Q

fight and flight is what nervous system

A

sympathetic

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5
Q

functions of the parasympathetic division

A

conserve and restore energy reserves during the time of rest

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6
Q

SLUDD responses

A

salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation

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7
Q

3 decreases and 1 increase of parasympathetic reactions

A

decreased HR
decreased diameter of airways
decreased diameter of pull
dilation of erectile tissue

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8
Q

ganglion

A

cluster of nerve cell bodies that lie outside the CNS. equivalent in CNS is nucleus

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9
Q

where do sympathetic pathways originate

A

lumbar regions and spinal cord

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10
Q

where is the sympathetic ganglia found

A

in two chains that run along both sides of vertebral column

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11
Q

have short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers

A

sympathetic pathways

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12
Q

activation of what type of cholinergic receptor will result in faster cell response to acetylcholine

A

nicotinic cholinergic receptor

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13
Q

parasympathetic pathways originate where

A

mainly brain stem, can in sacral region of spinal cord and control pelvic organs

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14
Q

where are parasympathetic ganglia located

A

either on or near their target organs

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15
Q

what receptor is the only one with more epinephrine

A

B2

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16
Q

direct activation of which receptor will result in the opening on an ion channel

A

nicotinic cholinergic receptor

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17
Q

which ligand can activate both iontropic and metabotropic receptors

A

acetylcholine

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18
Q

muscarinic cholinergic receptors are

A

G-protein-coupled receptors

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19
Q

nicotinic cholinergic receptor are

A

Ach- gated channels

20
Q

in somatic neuron the pathways between CNS and effector cell is ___ and it releases what

A

monosynaptic, ACh to bind to nicotinic receptors

21
Q

where does the adrenal medulla develop from

A

same embryonic tissue as sympathetic neurons

22
Q

a modified postganglionic sympathetic neuron that receives a synaptic contact form preganglionic sympathetic neuron and releases ACh

A

Chromaffin cell

23
Q

physiological responses that occur as a direct result of muscarinic cholinergic receptor stimulation

A

bronchoconstriction, secretion of gastric acid, decreased heart rate, constriction of the pupil

24
Q

what nervous system controls pupillary constriction due to bright light

A

parasympathetic

25
Q

what nervous system controls pupillary dilation due to dim light

A

sympathetic nervous system

26
Q

when the ciliary muscle is relaxed the lens is ___ for ___ vision

A

flat, far

27
Q

when the ciliary muscle contracts the lens is more _____ for ____ vision

A

convex, near

28
Q

which drug can be used to dilate the pupil

A

muscarinic cholinergic antagonist

29
Q

parasympathetic does what for the eye

A

constricts pupil, contracted ciliary muscles

30
Q

sympathetic does what for the eye

A

dilates the pupil and relaxes the ciliary muscle

31
Q

varicosities are

A

sites of synaptic contact between autonomic postganglionic neuron and its target cells

32
Q

what does varicosities arrangement do

A

increases the number of targets that a single axon branch can influence

33
Q

what do chromatin cells release

A

epinephrine and some release norepinephrine

34
Q

what do most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release and what does it act on

A

norepinephrine and acts on target cells through adrenergic receptors

35
Q

what has its cell body in a ganglion

A

postganglionic neuron

36
Q

a patient experiences mydriasis and constipation upon administration of an experimental drug as part of a clinical trial. based on the information that you have the drug blocks which of the following receptors

A

muscarinic cholinergic receptors

37
Q

the somatic nervous system controls what

A

skeletal muscle

38
Q

the autonomic nervous system controls what

A

smooth muscle, various glands, and cardiac muscle

39
Q

a dynamical balanced between the autonomic branches

A

homeostasis

40
Q

adrenergic receptors are in what system

A

sympathetic

41
Q

parasympathetic preganglionic are short or long

A

long

42
Q

Nm

A

muscle type found in skeletal muscle

43
Q

Nn

A

neural type found in CNS and PNS ( ANS)

44
Q

a special adaptation of the sympathetic divison

A

adrenal medulla

45
Q

post ganglionic cells release ___ and ____ into the blood stream

A

norepinephrine and epinephrine

Physiology exam 1 (10 decks)

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