nervous system: synaptic transmission

Question 1

Junctions between 2 neurons are

Answer 1

postsynaptic and presynaptic

Question 2

Site where an action potential in one neuron affects the production of an action potential in another neuron

Answer 2

Synapse

Question 3

2 types of synaptic transmission

Answer 3

electrical synapses and chemical synapses

Question 4

electrical synapses does what

Answer 4

pass electrical signals, are bidirectional and fast

Question 5

chemical synapses does what

Answer 5

uses chemical messengers or neurotransmitters

Question 6

electrical synapses gap junction allows

Answer 6

electrical current to flow between adjacent cells

Question 7

where is electrical synapses found

Answer 7

cardiac, smooth muscle, and some neurons and glia

Question 8

chemical synapses- presynaptic terminal

Answer 8

synaptic vesicles contain chemical messenger neurotransmitter (NT)

Question 9

chemical synapses- synaptic cleft

Answer 9

space between presynaptic and postsynaptic cell, neurotransmitter diffusion

Question 10

chemical synapses- postsynaptic membrane

Answer 10

neurotransmitter receptors

Question 11

are chemical synapses mono or bi directional

Answer 11

monodirectional

Question 12

how are EPSP created

Answer 12

Na channel permeability is increased-> graded depolarization –> neuronal membrane closer together—-> EPSP created

Question 13

How is IPSP created

Answer 13

K or Cl permeability increased –> graded hyper polarization —-> neuronal membrane potential farther away from threshold —> IPSP

Question 14

most common inhibitor

Answer 14

GABA

Question 15

most common excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 15

glutamate

Question 16

gaseous neurotransmitter

Answer 16

nitric oxide

Question 17

Glutamate is removed via ____ with the help of ____

Answer 17

reuptake, glutatamate transporters

Question 18

glial cells that assist with neurotransmitter removal

Answer 18

astrocytes

Question 19

2 families of receptors

Answer 19

ionotropic and metabotropic

Question 20

ligand-gated ion channels that when a ligand binds to the receptor membrane channel will open

Answer 20

ionotropic receptor

Question 21

7-transmembrane GPCRs, binding of neurotransmitter initiates a second messenger to modulate channel on neural membrane

Answer 21

metatropic receptor

Question 22

example of inotropic receptor

Answer 22

ligand gated channels-nicotinic cholinergic

Question 23

example of metatropic channels

Answer 23

GPCRs- muscarinic-cholinergic receptor

Question 24

GABAa is what type of receptor and GABAb is what type

Answer 24

ionotropic and metatropic

Question 25

many antidepressants block what to cause what result

Answer 25

neurotransmitter reuptake to increase the neurotransmitter concentration in the synaptic cleft and increased stimulation of correspond post-synaptic receptors