Lecture 4.2: Defects in the Sensory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hyperaesthesia?

A

Increased sensitivity to any stimulus

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2
Q

What is Hyperalgesia?

A

Increased sensitivity to painful stimulus

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3
Q

What is Paraesthesia?

A

Pins and needles / burning sensation

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4
Q

What is Dysaesthesia?

A

Inappropriate sensation to a stimulus

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5
Q

What is Allodynia?

A

Pain provoked by a non-painful stimulus

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6
Q

What is Synesthesia?

A

Neurological condition where information meant for one sense stimulates several senses

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7
Q

What are the 3 ways Peripheral Nerves can be affected?

A
  • Axonal Degeneration (toxic, metabolic, physical)
  • Demyelination
  • Vascular Nerve Damage
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8
Q

Investigations for Peripheral Nerve Damage (3)

A
  • Nerve conduction studies
  • CSF
  • Biochemistry
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9
Q

What is the most common cause of neuropathy in the developed world?

A

Diabetes

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10
Q

What is Guillain-Barre Syndrome?

A
  • When a person’s own immune system harms their
    body’s nerves
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Predominantly motor
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11
Q

What percentage of Guillain-Barre Syndrome need respiratory support?

A

20% of patients may need respiratory support

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12
Q

Clinical Presentation of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (3)

A
  • Classically ascending paralysis with a range of
    severity
  • Mild weakness to complete paralysis
  • Recovery is spontaneous usually after a few weeks
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13
Q

What is the mortality rate of Guillain-Barre Syndrome?

A

Mortality rate 5%

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14
Q

How is Guillain-Barre Syndrome managed? (3)

A
  • Support
  • Plasma Exchange
  • IV Immunoglobulin
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15
Q

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Compression of the median nerve at the wrist

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16
Q

Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (7)

A
  • Pregnancy
  • Obesity
  • Hypothyroidism
  • OA
  • Trauma
  • Diabetes
  • Acromegaly
17
Q

Signs of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (3)

A
  • Sensory Changes
  • Muscles Wasting and Weakness
18
Q

Diagnostic Tests for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (3)

A
  • Tinnels – tap test
  • Phalen – stretch test
  • Clinical Nerve Conduction Studies
19
Q

Treatments for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (4)

A
  • Splints
  • Stretching (& Weight Loss)
  • Steroid Injections
  • Surgical Decompression
20
Q
A
21
Q
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22
Q
A