Exam 2: Module 4 - Infectious Diseases Flashcards
what is bacteriostatic
inhibits/blocks bacteria growth
what is bactericidal
kill bacteria
gram positive examples:
o staphylococcus Aureus
o streptococcus pneumonia
gram negative examples:
o e. coli
o influenza
o klebsiella
o h. pylori
o chlamydia
what is DOT (direct observation therapy)
when a medication is taken in front of the healthcare provider to ensure compliance
what is antimicrobial stewardship
o global approach to address abx resistance
o match the drug to the bug
o use narrow spectrum abx when possible
what risk does abx increase?
c-diff
abx can also disrupt the vaginal flora increasing the risk of what?
yeast infection
Penicillin (PCN) drug
o Amoxicillin
o Ampicillin
o Penicillin G
o Penicillin V
Penicillin
MOA, indications, SE/AE
MOA: disruption of bacterial cell wall synthesis
example indications: strep, otitis media, syphilis
SE/AE: GI upset (most common), prolonged bleeding time
o MOST COMMON DRUG ALLERGY IN PHARMACOLOGY
o PATIENTS THAT ARE ALLERGIC TO PENICILLINS HAVE A SLIGHT CHANCE OF ALSO BEING ALLERGIC TO CEPHALOSPORINS
o SUSCEPTIBLE TO BETA-LACTAMASE
o CAN CAUSE RASH, COMMONLY MISTAKEN FOR ALLERGIES, IF GIVEN TO PATIENTS THAT HAVE EBV (MONO)
o CAN BE TAKEN WITH FOOD TO PREVENT GI UPSET
what is beta-lactam and beta-lactamase?
how does it work?
beta-lactam is used to fight pathogens
some pathogens are smart and mutate, developing shields that protect them from beta-lactam. these shields are called beta-lactamase. beta-lactamase is an enzyme that breaks down beta-lactam.
can be countered with a beta-lactamase inhibitor
what is a beta-lactamase inhibitor
used along side with antibiotics to tackle beta lactamase
must be used in combination with antibiotics
3 beta-lactamase inhibitors
o Tazobactam
o Sulbactam
o Clavulonic Acid
an example of a beta-lactamase inhibitor and abx combination
Augmentin
o amoxicillin and clavulanate
