HITLER AS CHANCELLOR Flashcards
HOW MANY Nazis were in Hitler’s cabinet?
Only 3/12
WHO were the Nazis in Hitler’s cabinet in 1933?
- Hermann Goering: Minister without Portfolio and Prussian Minister of the Interior
- Wilhelm Frick: Minister of the Interior
(BOTH CONTROLLING THE POLICE AND JUDICIARY) - Hitler: Chancellor
WHY did Papen think he could control Hitler?
- The Nazi party only had 3/12 total posts in the cabinet
- Papen had the right to be present whenever Hitler met with the President
- Rest of the cabinet were elite, old, aristocratic men like Papen (likely to respect Papen and disrespect Hitler)
WHAT did von Papen famously say about his belief that he could control Hitler?
‘I have Hidenburg’s confidence. Within two months we will have pushed Hitler so far into a corner that he will squeak.’
WHAT was the ‘Pact of 1933’?
- Hitler met both with army leaders and big industrialists in February to promise they would remain important institutions in the state in return for their support.
- He gained 3 million marks for the election campaign from the businesses and outlined plans for rearmament with the army also.
WHAT was the Hilfspolizei?
An auxiliary police made up of the SA (Nazi paramilitary) and the Stahlhelm (DNVP paramilitary)
WHAT groups of people did the SA attack when Hitler first became Chancellor?
Left wing politicians and trade unions.
WHEN and WHERE was the first concentration camp set up?
The concentration camp at Dachau was set up on 8th March 1933
By July 1933, HOW MANY political prisoners had been arrested or taken into ‘protective custody’ and imprisoned in concentration camps?
26,789
WHEN was the Reichstag Fire?
27th February 1933
WHO confessed to starting the Reichstag Fire?
A Dutch communist, Marinus van der Lubbe
WHAT was Hitler’s response to the Reichstag Fire?
Used it as an excuse to properly attack communism:
- Arrested 4000 communist leaders the same night
- Got Hindenburg to pass an emergency decree, suspending all personal liberties (basically destroyed freedom of speech)
HOW MANY communists were arrested in the two weeks following the Reichstag Fire?
10,000
WHAT did Hindenburg’s emergency decree passed after the Reichstag Fire allow?
- Soldiers were put in the streets to check people’s IDs
- The secret police could hold people in protective custody indefinitely
- Allowed the arrest of left wing activists
- Hitler controlled radio and the police and banned other parties’ newspapers like the SPD and Zentrum
WHAT were the key aspects of the March 1933 Reichstag election campaign?
- More violence
- The failure of democracy was blamed on Communist terrorism
- Promoted the idea that Hitler’s government was a ‘National Uprising’ that would restore German pride and unity