STRESEMANN'S FOREIGN POLICY

Question 1

WHICH years was Stresemann foreign secretary for?

Answer 1

November 1923 - 1929 (when he died)

Question 2

WHAT is Stresemann’s foreign policy known as and WHAT does it mean?

Answer 2

‘Fulfilment’: its aim was to satisfy the Allies by upholding Versailles until Germany could renegotiate parts of it.

Question 3

WHAT were Britain’s aims for relations with Germany?

Answer 3

• They understood that an economically strong Germany would be beneficial as a trading partner
• It did not want Germany to have a navy to rival its own

Question 4

WHAT were France’s aims for relations with Germany?

Answer 4

• They wanted to make sure that Germany would never invade them again
• This involved making Germany both economically and militarily weak

Question 5

WHAT were the USA’s aims for relations with Germany?

Answer 5

• The US was a major supplier of food and raw materials for Germany
• The US was also an important export market for German manufaction
• The US wanted Germany to be economically strong to uphold this trading relationship

Question 6

WHY did the USSR welcome diplomatic relations with Germany?

Answer 6

They had been an international pariah since the Bolshevik Revolution 1917

Question 7

WHEN was the Locarno Pact signed?

Answer 7

1925

Question 8

WHAT was the Locarno Pact?

Answer 8

• Germany accepted its western borders
• It did not accept any eastern borders
• All countries agreed not to use invasion/force as a method of foreign policy

Question 9

WHICH countries signed the Locarno Pact?

Answer 9

France, Belgium, Britain, Italy, Germany

Question 10

WHAT were the successes of the Locarno Pact?

Answer 10

• Agreement not to invade meant the Ruhr invasion could never happen again
• Not settling easter borders left open the possibility of further revision
• Led to Germany’s acceptance into the League of Nations
• Stresemann got the Nobel Peace Prize 1925
• Established Germany as an important member of international diplomacy

Question 11

WHAT were some criticisms of the Locarno Pact?

Answer 11

The right saw it as appeasing the Allies and thought that Stresemann had given too much away

Question 12

WHAT was the League of Nations?

Answer 12

An international organisation set up by the Versailles Treaty.

Question 13

WHEN did Germany join the League of Nations?

Answer 13

September 1926

Question 14

WHAT did Germany’s acceptance into the League of Nations mean?

Answer 14

• Germany had great power status on the League Council with veto power
• Germany could use its position to raise matters of German interest

Question 15

WHEN was the Treaty of Rapallo signed?

Answer 15

1922

Question 16

WHEN was the Treaty of Berlin signed?

Answer 16

1926

Question 17

WHAT were the official terms of the Treaty of Berlin?

Answer 17

• Established full diplomatic relations with the USSR
• They agreed to cooperate on economic matters
• Both agreed to wipe out any war debts or calls for reparations

Question 18

WHAT was the impact of the Treaty of Berlin in regards to other European states?

Answer 18

It put mild pressure on the west to improve its relations with Germany through fear of Germany moving closer to the USSR

Question 19

WHAT were the secret terms of the Treaty of Berlin?

Answer 19

• The USSR allowed Germany to train troops and develop forbidden aircraft and new weapons on Soviet soil
• German officers also helped train the Red Army

Question 20

WHAT was the IMCC?

Answer 20

Inter-Allied Control Commission. Monitored disarmament in Germany

Question 21

WHEN did Allies withdraw the IMCC?

Answer 21

1926

Question 22

WHEN did French and Belgian forces completely leave the Ruhr?

Answer 22

1925

Question 23

WHEN had all occupation forces left the Rhineland?

Answer 23

1930, 5 years before the Treaty of Versailles schedule

Question 24

WHEN was the Kellogg-Briand Pact signed?

Answer 24

1928

Question 25

WHAT was the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

Answer 25

An international agreement, renouncing the use of force (although, it had no practical effect)

Question 26

WHAT was the right’s reaction to Stresemann’s foreign policy?

Answer 26

They were angry because they wanted a total end to foreign occupation and immediate rearmament

Question 27

WHY did Germany feel like they were forced into secret rearmament?

Answer 27

Because despite all the European agreements of peace, Germany felt that other countries were not disarming in the same way that they were forced to and felt threatened by surrounding countries’ power/their own weakness