Cell division Flashcards
Functions of cell division
To reproduce, grow and repair and tissue renewal
Cell cycle
Events that take place from one cell division to another, can be separated into sections
Chromosomes
Diploid has 2 sets of chromosomes, humans have 46. Chromosomes, when tightly condensed and dna rep has happened have 2 sister chromatids
Homologs
Homologous chromosomes look the same and control the same traits but may have different alleles
Mitosis
Produces 2 new daughter cells that have exact same genetic material as parent cell
Interphase
Is the period between nuclear division. Consists of G1- cell produces new proteins, grows, and carries out normal cell functions, the S phase where DNA will replicate producing sister chromatids and G2 which is prepared for cell division.
Prophase
2 centrioles become visible, start moving towards opposite sides of the pole and microtubules start to radiate from them, the nucleolus and nuclear membrane start to disappear, dna tightly coiled (make easy to distribute)
Metaphase
Centrosomes are now at opposite ends, chromosomes line up on metaphase plate (the entire apparatus of microtubes is called spindles), and centrosomes to spindle fibers.
Anaphase
Sis chromatids part and they move to the opposite end of cell as microtubules shorten, they move centromere first. In end, the 2 ends of the cell have same number of chromosomes
Anaphase
Sis chromatids part and they move to opposite emd of cell as microtubules shorten, they move centromere first. At end. the 2 ends of the clel have same nuber of chromosme
Telophase
2 sets of chromosomes form a tight group, nuclear membrane forms, and nucleolus reappears, spindle fibers disappear. chromosomes uncoil. Cytokinesis occurs
Cytolensess
Cytoplasm begins to divide as furrow develops and begins to deepen until splits into two. By the end (mitosis), 2 daughter cells with identical genetic info which go into interphase
