MOINA of Facial Expression

Question 1

levator palpebrae suprioris

Answer 1

origin: the lesser wing of sphenoid bone (anterior surface)
insertion: upper eyelid (fascia and skin)

nerve: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

elevates upper eyelid

Question 2

buccinator

Answer 2

origin: maxilla & mandible (posterior alveolar process of both bones); pterygomandibular raphe
insertion: modiolus (lateral to the angle of the mouth)

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

compresses cheeks

Question 3

corrugator supercilii

Answer 3

origin: frontal bone just above the nose (lateral to the glabella)
insertion: skin of medial portion of eyebrows

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII) - zygomatic branch

draws eyebrows downwards and medially (“thinker’s brow”)

Question 4

depressor anguli oris

Answer 4

origin: along oblique line of mandible; lateral aspect of the mental tubercle of mandible
insertion: modiolus (near angle of the mouth)

nerve: facial nerve (CN IIV)

depresses angle of the mouth (frown)

Question 5

depressor labii inferioris

Answer 5

origin: mandible (between symphysis and mental foramen)
insertion: skin and fascia of lower lip

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

draws lower lip downwards and medially; everts lower lip

Question 6

depressor septi nasi

Answer 6

origin: incisive fossa of the maxilla
insertion: septum and alar cartilage of nose

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

constricts nostrils

Question 7

frontalis

Answer 7

origin: galea aponeurotica
insertion: skin & fascia above nose and eyes

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII) - temporal branch

draws scalp posteriorly to raise and wrinkle eyebrows (surprise)

Question 8

levator anguli oris

Answer 8

origin: below infraorbital foramen of maxilla
insertion: modiolus (near angle of the mouth)

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates angle of the mouth (smiling)

Question 9

levator labii superioris

Answer 9

origin: medial inferior orbital margin of maxilla
insertion: upper lip muscles

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates and everts upper lip

Question 10

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Answer 10

origin: frontal process of maxilla
insertion: muscles of upper lip (lateral slip); alar cartilage of nose (medial slip)

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates and everts upper lip; flares nostrils

Question 11

mentalis

Answer 11

origin: incisive fossa of the mandible
insertion: skin and fascia of chin

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates and everts lower lip; wrinkles chin

Question 12

nasalis

Answer 12

origin: maxilla, lateral to the nose (transverse part); maxilla, superior to canine alveolar process (alar part)
insertion: opposite side nasalis over upper cartilage of the nose (transverse part); alar cartilage of nose, nasal wing (alar part)

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

flaring nostrils (forced respiration)

Question 13

occipitalis

Answer 13

origin: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line and external occipital protuberance (EOP)
insertion: galea aponeurotica

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII) - posterior auricular branch

draws back scalp to raise and wrinkle eyebrows

Question 14

orbicularis oculi

Answer 14

origin: nasal process of frontal bone (oribital portion); palpebral ligament (palpebral portion); lacrimal crest of lacrimal bone (lacrimal portion)
insertion: circumferential around orbital meeting at the origin

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII) - zygomatic branch

squints and closes tightly the eyes; depresses upper eyelid; elevates lower eyelid

Question 15

orbicularis oris

Answer 15

origin: modiolus (lateral to the angle of the mouth)
insertion: circumferential around mouth; blends with other muscles

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

closes mouth; protrudes lips (puckering of mouth)

Question 16

procerus

Answer 16

origin: nasal bone and cartilage
insertion: skin and fascia between eyebrows

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII) - superior buccal branches

drawing downwards medial eyebrow (menacing expression); wrinkling skin of superior nose

Question 17

risorius

Answer 17

origin: parotid fascia (superficial to masseter)
insertion: modiolus (near the angle of mouth)

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

draws angle of mouth laterally (false smile)

Question 18

zygomaticus major

Answer 18

origin: zygomatic bone (anterior to zygomatic-temporal surture)
insertion: modiolus (near angle of mouth))

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates angle of mouth (smiling); draws angle of mouth laterally

Question 19

zygomaticus minor

Answer 19

origin: zygomatic bone (anterior to zygomaticmaxillary suture)
insertion: skin, fascia, and muscles of upper lip

nerve: facial nerve (CN VII)

elevates upper lip (smile); everts upper lip