Chapter 13: Personality Flashcards
What is personality?
Consists of characteristic thoughts, emotional reactions and behaviour
What is a personality trait?
A pattern of thoughts, emotions and behaviour that is relatively consistent over time and in different situations
What is temperament?
Certain tendencies to behave in a certain way
Temperament is broader than character traits and concerns innate biological structures of personality
Temperament is also more stable and less changeable by events than personality traits
What are the 3 basic characteristics of temperament?
Activity level
Emotionality
Degree of being social
Activity level
The amount of energy and behaviour a person exhibits
Emotionality
Intensity of emotional reactions
Degree of being social
Sociability, tendency to interact with others
Why part of the brain influence the degree of shyness?
Amygdala
Who is the founder of psychodynamic theory?
Sigmund Freud
What did Sigmund Freud believe about consciousness?
Conscious was only a small part of human activity
What are the 3 parts of Sigmund Freud’s consciousness iceberg?
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
Conscious level
The thoughts people are aware of
Preconscious level
Consists of thoughts that could be made conscious (equivalent to long term memory)
Unconscious level
Consists of material the mind cannot easily retrieve (think hidden memories, wishes, desires and motives)
Freud divided the conflicting forces in humans into three parts. What are they?
Id
Ego
Superego
What is the id?
The most primitive system and behaves according to the pleasure principle
What is the pleasure principle?
What is the ego?
Makes an attempt to reconcile reality and desire
It tries to satisfy the id but also to remain pragmatic