unit 3 learning objectives Flashcards
Distinguish between normal and abnormal data during assessment of the head, neck, and related lymphatic system.
Symmetry
* Nasolabial folds
* Normocephalic
* Facial expression (flat affect?)
* Midline
* Jugular Vein Distention (JVD)
* Teeth/Gums/Tongue
* Palate
Should not feel lymph nodes at all
Identify anatomical landmarks used to assess head/neck lymph nodes and the thyroid gland.
go from cheeks, down jawline, down the neck area and onto shoulder
thyroid gland is like where Adams apple is
Discuss assessment techniques of the head/neck that reflect variations across the lifespan.
Palpation
* TMJ
* ROM
* Lymph nodes
* Pulses
inspect Cartoid arteries
JVD
Distinguish between normal and abnormal data during assessment of the eye and ear
Any hx of vision difficulties?
* Strabismus
* Diplopia
* Discharge
* Injury
* Use of glasses or contacts
* Wear sunglasses?
* Occupation (welding
Check for ay abnormalities that you can see in front
Symmetrical
* Drainage
* Lumps/lesions/eczema
* Tenderness
* Otoscope: Pinna up and back on and adult; Pull pinna down on an
infant or younger than 3 year
Become familiar with the equipment used during an assessment of the eyes and ears.
ophthalmoscope- eye
otoscope-ear
snellen chat-eye
Tuning fork
Discuss assessment techniques of the eye/ear that reflect variations across the lifespan.
Confrontation Test
* Ophthalmoscope
* Snellen Eye chart
* Pen light inspection
* PERRLA
* Red reflex
* EOMs (6 cardinal positions of gaze)
Discuss assessment techniques of the ear that reflect variations across the lifespan.
Inspect for
Symmetry
* Drainage
* Lumps/lesions/eczema
* Tenderness
Use Otoscope: Pinna up and back on and adult; Pull pinna down on an
infant or younger than 3 year
hearing test from feet away
Define range of motion (ROM).
the extent or limit to which a part of the body can be moved around a joint or a fixed poin
Distinguish between normal and abnormal data during assessment of musculoskeletal system
Deformity
* Swelling
* Redness
* Atrophy
* Observe Gait
- Heel/toe walk
- Spine defects
-Kyphosis/ Lordosis/ Scoliosis
Relate type of joint motion to each of the body joints.
Flexion-flex arm
Extension- extend arm
Abduction-arm away from body
Adduction-arm towards body
Pronation-palm down
supinatoin-palm up
Circumduction-shoulder in circle
inversion-ankle inward
eversion-ankle outward
rotation-move head
protraction-move jaw out
retraction-move jaw in
elevation-elevate shoulder
depression-depress shoulder
Describe the range of motion capabilities for each type of joint.
Shoulders-circle shoulders,raise down up/down and side/side
Elbows-Assess ROM- should be able to flex and extend, pronate/supinate
Hand/wrist-Assess ROM by checking hyperextension, flexion, abduction
and opposition
Hip-flexion,internal and
external rotation, abduction and hyperextension.
Knee-Check ROM Flexion, extension- rising from chair
ankle/foot-plantar flexion,
dorsiflexion, eversion, inversio
Discuss modifications of assessment techniques of a musculoskeletal assessment across the lifespan
Grade muscle strength 0-5
palpate joints for noises,swelling,heat,pain
ROM on shoulders, elbow,hand/wrist,hip,knee, ankle
Discuss assessment techniques of a neurological assessment that reflect variations across the lifespan.
Inspection
* LOC
* Lethargic
* Stuporous
* Comatose
* Ax0x4 (person, place, time,
situation)
* Skull fracture
cranial nerves
reflexes
Identify and discuss the cranial nerves.
what cranial nerves do
1
2
5
l-olfactory-smell.
-sniff test
ll-optic-vision–
-snellen test
v-Trigeminal-muscle of mastication, face/scalp , mucous membranes of mouth and nose–
palpate muscles by having pt clench teeth
Identify and discuss the cranial nerves.
what cranial nerves do
3
4
6
lll-oculomotor-EOM movement,pupil constriction, up and down eye
lv-Trochlear-Down and upward movement of eye
vl-Abducens-later movement of eye
lll
lv. Pupil size. PERRLA. EOM
vl
