1.4 Flashcards
(23 cards)
how do prokaryotic cells reproduce
asexually by binary fission
binary fission involves more step and takes longer than mitosis? T OR F
false
a subset of plasmids called episomes are capable of what?
integrating into the genome of the bacteria
circular chromosome during binary fission?
it attached to cell wall and replicates while cells grows in size. then plasma membrane and cell wall grow inward to produce two identical daughter cells
bacterial genetic recombination does what?
help increase bacterial diversity and thus permits evolution of bacterial species over time
transformation results from the ……
integration of foreign genetic material into the host genome
whats a genome?
the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism,
many gram negative rods carry out transformation? T OR F
true
conjunction is what?
the bacterial form of mating ( sexual reproduction)
what happens in conjugation?
2 cells form conjugation bridge that makes it easy for tranfer of genetic material
sex pili are found where?
found on donor male
to make pilus bacterianmust contain plasmids known as what?
sex factors that contain the necessary genes
whats the best studied sex factor?
F(fertility) factor
bacteria that posses f factor are what and when they dont posses it they are what?
F+ when they do and F- when they dont
during conjugation what happens with the F factors?
F+ replicates its factor and donates to F- making it a F+ aswell this lets plasmids to continue to transfer copies to other cells.
what are the 3 type of bacterial genetic recombination?
transformation, conjugation and transduction
whats the only genetic recombination that requires a vector?
transduction
whats a vector?
a virus that carries genetic bacterium from one to another
viruses are obligate extracellular pathogens? T OR F
false
when a bacteriophage infects another bacteria how does it happen?
releases DNA into new host cell, then dna is into the genome giving new host additional genes
transposons are what?
genetic elements capable of inserting and removing themselves from the genome
what happens if a transposon is inserted into coding region of a gene?
gene may get distrupted
what are the four phases of bacterial growth? and what are the features
-lag phase: bacteria get used to the environment( little growth)
-exponential phase AKA log phase: bacteria use available resources to multiply rapidly
- stationary phase: multiplication slows as resources are all used up
- death phase: bacteria dies as resources become insufficient to support the colony
