eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 1

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

A eukaryotic cell is a type of cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 2

True or False: Eukaryotic cells are only found in multicellular organisms.

Answer 2

False: Eukaryotic cells can be found in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The genetic material in eukaryotic cells is contained within the _______.

Answer 3

nucleus

Question 4

What are the two main types of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Plant cells and animal cells.

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Mitochondria.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells? A) No nucleus B) Membrane-bound organelles C) Smaller than prokaryotic cells D) Circular DNA

Answer 6

B) Membrane-bound organelles

Question 7

What structure provides support and protection to plant eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

Cell wall.

Question 8

True or False: Eukaryotic cells can reproduce asexually and sexually.

Answer 8

True.

Question 9

Short Answer: What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 9

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the control center of the eukaryotic cell.

Answer 10

nucleus

Question 11

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Mitochondria D) Nucleus

Answer 11

C) Mitochondria

Question 12

What is the role of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 12

Lysosomes break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Question 13

True or False: All eukaryotic cells have chloroplasts.

Answer 13

False: Only plant cells have chloroplasts.

Question 14

Short Answer: Describe the function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 14

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Question 15

What is the function of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 15

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Eukaryotic cells have _______ DNA organized into linear chromosomes.

Answer 16

linear

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT found in eukaryotic cells? A) Nucleus B) Ribosome C) Plasmid D) Mitochondria

Answer 17

C) Plasmid

Question 18

True or False: The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that fills the interior of all eukaryotic cells.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What is the primary component of the eukaryotic cell membrane?

Answer 19

Phospholipids.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The _______ is involved in the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 20

mitochondria

Question 21

Short Answer: Explain the role of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 21

The cytoskeleton provides structural support, aids in cell movement, and organizes organelles.

Question 22

What is the main difference between plant and animal eukaryotic cells?

Answer 22

Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.

Question 23

True or False: Eukaryotic cells can be larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following organelles is involved in detoxifying harmful substances? A) Golgi apparatus B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum C) Lysosome D) Ribosome

Answer 24

B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 25

What is the function of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 25

The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 26

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 26

Cells that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 27

True or False: Prokaryotic cells are generally larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells have their genetic material organized in a ______.

Answer 28

nucleoid

Question 29

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells? A) Membrane-bound organelles B) Nucleus C) Peptidoglycan cell wall D) Mitochondria

Answer 29

C) Peptidoglycan cell wall

Question 30

What are the two main domains of prokaryotic life?

Answer 30

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 31

True or False: Prokaryotic cells can reproduce asexually through binary fission.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is the primary method of genetic exchange in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 32

Conjugation

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells often have small, circular DNA molecules called ______.

Answer 33

plasmids

Question 34

Which structure protects prokaryotic cells from environmental stress?

Answer 34

Cell wall

Question 35

True or False: All prokaryotes are harmful to humans.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What is the function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 36

Protein synthesis

Question 37

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells? A) Ribosomes B) Endoplasmic reticulum C) Plasma membrane D) Cytoplasm

Answer 37

B) Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 38

What is the shape of prokaryotic cells typically classified as?

Answer 38

Cocci, bacilli, or spirilla

Question 39

True or False: Prokaryotic cells can form biofilms.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The outer layer of some prokaryotic cells is a ______, which can aid in protection and attachment.

Answer 40

capsule

Question 41

What is the primary role of the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 41

Regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 42

Multiple choice: Which of the following processes is used by prokaryotes to obtain energy? A) Photosynthesis B) Cellular respiration C) Fermentation D) All of the above

Answer 42

D) All of the above

Question 43

What is one way prokaryotic cells can adapt to extreme environments?

Answer 43

By forming endospores.

Question 44

True or False: Prokaryotic cells can perform nitrogen fixation.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells reproduce primarily through ______.

Answer 45

binary fission

Question 46

What is a unique feature of archaeal prokaryotes compared to bacterial prokaryotes?

Answer 46

Their cell membranes contain unique lipids.

Question 47

Multiple choice: Which part of the prokaryotic cell is responsible for movement? A) Flagella B) Pili C) Capsule D) Nucleoid

Answer 47

A) Flagella

Question 48

What is the role of pili in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 48

Attachment to surfaces and genetic exchange.

Question 49

True or False: Prokaryotic cells can have multiple chromosomes.

Answer 49

False

Question 50

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells lack a true ______.

Answer 50

nucleus

Question 51

What are microfilaments primarily composed of?

Answer 51

Actin

Question 52

True or False: Microtubules are made of tubulin.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Fill in the blank: Intermediate filaments provide _______ to the cell.

Answer 53

structural support

Question 54

Which cytoskeletal component is involved in cell division?

Answer 54

Microtubules

Question 55

What is the diameter range of microfilaments?

Answer 55

7 nm

Question 56

True or False: Microtubules are more stable than microfilaments.

Answer 56

False

Question 57

What role do intermediate filaments play in tissues?

Answer 57

They provide mechanical strength.

Question 58

Which cytoskeletal structure is involved in muscle contraction?

Answer 58

Microfilaments

Question 59

What is the primary function of microtubules in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 59

Cell shape and transport

Question 60

True or False: Prokaryotic cells lack a cytoskeleton.

Answer 60

False

Question 61

Fill in the blank: The prokaryotic cell wall is primarily made of _______.

Answer 61

peptidoglycan

Question 62

Which type of filament is the thickest?

Answer 62

Microtubules

Question 63

What is the main function of the prokaryotic cell wall?

Answer 63

Protection and shape maintenance

Question 64

Short answer: Name one type of intermediate filament.

Answer 64

Keratin

Question 65

Which cytoskeletal component is dynamic and changes length rapidly?

Answer 65

Microtubules

Question 66

True or False: Microfilaments are involved in cell motility.

Answer 66

True

Question 67

What is the role of actin in microfilaments?

Answer 67

It facilitates cell movement and shape.

Question 68

Fill in the blank: Microtubules are essential for _______ transport within cells.

Answer 68

intracellular

Question 69

What type of cell wall do Gram-positive bacteria have?

Answer 69

Thick peptidoglycan layer

Question 70

Which cytoskeletal element is primarily responsible for anchoring organelles?

Answer 70

Intermediate filaments

Question 71

True or False: Microfilaments are involved in the formation of the mitotic spindle.

Answer 71

False

Question 72

Short answer: What is the basic unit of microtubules?

Answer 72

Tubulin dimers

Question 73

What do you call the process by which microtubules grow and shrink?

Answer 73

Dynamic instability

Question 74

Fill in the blank: The cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments, microtubules, and _______.

Answer 74

intermediate filaments

Question 75

What type of cells typically have a cell wall?

Answer 75

Prokaryotic cells

Question 76

True or False: Intermediate filaments are involved in cell signaling.

Answer 76

False

Question 77

What is the function of the cell wall in prokaryotes?

Answer 77

To maintain cell shape and protect against osmotic pressure

Question 78

Fill in the blank: Microtubules are involved in the movement of _______.

Answer 78

cilia and flagella

Question 79

Short answer: Name a function of microfilaments.

Answer 79

Cell shape maintenance

Question 80

Which cytoskeletal elements are stable and resilient?

Answer 80

Intermediate filaments

Question 81

Fill in the blank: The structure of the prokaryotic cell wall can be classified into _______.

Answer 81

Gram-positive and Gram-negative

Question 82

What is the primary component of the plant cell wall?

Answer 82

Cellulose

Question 83

True or False: Microfilaments are the largest cytoskeletal components.

Answer 83

False

Question 84

Short answer: What is the main structural protein in microfilaments?

Answer 84

Actin

Question 85

Which cytoskeletal structure assists in the transport of vesicles?

Answer 85

Microtubules

Question 86

Fill in the blank: The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria has a _______ peptidoglycan layer.

Answer 86

thin

Question 87

What is the role of intermediate filaments in epithelial cells?

Answer 87

To provide mechanical strength

Question 88

True or False: Microtubules are involved in cell shape maintenance.

Answer 88

True

Question 89

Fill in the blank: Microfilaments are also known as _______ filaments.

Answer 89

actin

Question 90

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 90

To provide structure and support to the cell

Question 91

Name a key function of microtubules.

Answer 91

Cell division