1400 Week 16 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Religion in Tokugawa period was defined by:
Edo/bakuhan system
Role of Buddhism in the 16th century?
Ended secular rule
17th century treatment of Christianity?
Introduced anti-Christian measures
What is Batsudo?
Buddha + The Way
How to achieve Nirvana?
Follow the Four Noble Truths and Noble Eightfold Path
Two focuses of Nirvana?
Salvation and Enlightenment
How is salvation achieved?
Through the power of the other/bodhisattva
How to achieve enlightenment?
Self-cultivation and meditation
How to achieve self-cultivation through Daoism?
Concentrate cosmic power within one’s own body
What is self-cultivation in Confucianism?
The contemplation of life’s patterns to strengthen dedication to society’s moral order
What is self-cultivation in popular sects?
Purifies conduct to facilitate passage to paradise upon death
When was the spread of popular Buddhism in Japan?
13th-16th century
Focuses of early Japanese Buddhism include (3):
- aristocracy
- interest in esoteric mysteries
- emphasis on the illusion of life
Four major sects of Japanese Buddhism in Tokugawa Japan:
- Pure Land
- True Pure Land
- Nichiren/Lotus
- Zen
What is the focus of the Pure Land sect?
Absolute faith in Amira leads to salvation
Focus of True Pure Land sect?
Nembutsu leads to rebirth: Amira’s original vow that all things are to be saved
Focus of the Lotus sect?
It was nationalistic and recognized the lotus sutra as the true doctrine
Focus of Zen sect?
Focus on enlightenment and internal nature, highly recognized by samurai
Emphasis of Rinzai sect?
Meditation and koan
Emphasis of Soto sect?
Sitting meditation/zazen
Which sects were part of the popular Buddhism of Tokugawa Japan?
Pure land, True pure land, Nichiren/lotus, and the self-cultivation of Zen
Who was Matsuo Basho?
A Japanese poet who popularized haikai and haiku
