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BIOL 1190 > List of muscles > Flashcards

List of muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Occipitofrontalis (frontal belly)

A

Location: skin superior to supraorbital margin

Action: draws scalp anteriorly, raises eye brows and wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally as in look of surprise

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2
Q

Occipitofrontalis (frontal belly)
origin + insertion

A

O = epicranial aponeurosis
I = skin superior to the supraorbital margin

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3
Q

Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly)

A

Location: occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: draws scalp posteriorly

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4
Q

Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly)
origin + insertion

A

O = occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone
I = epicranial aponeurosis

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5
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Location: skin at the corner of the mouth

Action: closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing; compresses lips against teeth; and shapes lips during speech

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6
Q

Orbicularis oris
origin + insertion

A

O = muscle fibers surrounding opening of mouth
I = skin at corner of mouth

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7
Q

Platysma

A

Location: mandible bends with muscles around the angle of the mouth and skin of lower face

Action: draws outer part of lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting; depresses mandible

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8
Q

Platysma origin + insertion

A

O = fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscle
I = mandible , muscles around angle of mouth and skin of lower face

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9
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Location: medial wall of orbit. circular path around orbit

Action: closes eye

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10
Q

Orbicularis oculi origin + insertion

A

O = medial wall of orbit
I = circular path around orbit

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11
Q

Masseter (chewer)

A

Location: angle and ramus of mandible (vertical part of mandible)

Action: elevate mandible, as in closing mouth

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12
Q

Masseter origin + insertion

A

O = maxilla and zygomatic arch
I = angle and ramus of mandible

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13
Q

Temporalis

A

Location: temporal bone, coronoid process and ramus of mandible

Action: elevates and retracts the mandible

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14
Q

Temporalis origin + insertion

A

O = temporal bone
I = coronoid process and ramus of mandible

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15
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

location: extends from base of skull, down both sides of neck and ends a sternum

action:
- elevate sternum during exhalation
- flexing cervical portion of vertebra
- extending head at atlanto-occipital joints
- laterally flex neck and head to same side and rotate
- laterally rotate and flex neck to opposite side of contracting muscle
- posterior fibers assist in extension of the head

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16
Q

Sternocleidomastoid origin + insertion

A

O = sternal head of manubrium and clavicular head (medial third)

I = mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

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17
Q

Serratus anterior (saw toothed)

A

location: covers side of ribcage

action: abducts scapula and rotates it upward
- elevates ribs when scapula is stabilized.

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18
Q

Which muscle is known as boxers muscle and what movements does it produce

A
  • serratus anterior
  • horizontal arm movements such as punching or pushing
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19
Q

Serratus anterior origin + insertion

A

O = ribs 1- 8 or 1 - 9

I = medial/vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula

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20
Q

Trapezius

A

location: traps

action: superior fibers upward rotate the scapula
- middle fibers adduct the scapula
- inferior fibers depress and upward rotate the scapula
- stabilize the scapula
- superior fibers can help extend the head

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21
Q

Trapezius origin + insertion

A

O = superior nuchal line of occipital bone and spines of c7-t12

I = clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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22
Q

Diaphragm

A

action: inhalation - contracts causing it to flatten and increase vertical dimension of thoracic cavity

exhalation: relaxation of diaphragm causing it to move superiorly and decrease vertical dimension of thoracic cavity

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23
Q

Diaphragm origin + insertion

A

O = xiphoid process, costal cartilaes and adjacent portions of ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae and their intervertebral discs

I = central tendon

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24
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Action:
- flexes vertebral column especially lumbar portion
- compresses abdomen to aide defecation and urination
- forced exhalation
- childbirth
-flexes pelvis on vertebral column

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25
Q

Rectus abdominis origin + insertion

A

O = pubic crest and pubic symphysis

I = cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

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26
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Action: acts bilaterally to compress abdomen and flex vertebral column
- acts singly to laterally flex vertebral column and rotate vertebral column in lumbar portion

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27
Q

External abdominal oblique origin + insertion

A

O = ribs 5-12

I = iliac crest and linea alba

28
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Action: compress abdomen, flex vertebra, laterally flex and rotate

29
Q

Internal abdominal oblique origin + insertion

A

O = iliac crest, inguinal ligament, linea alba

I = cartilage of ribs 7-10 and thoracolumbar fascia

30
Q

Transverse abdominis

A

action: compresses abdomen

31
Q

Transverse abdominis origin + insertion

A

O = iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, and cartilages of ribs 5-10

I = xiphoid process, linea alba and pubis

32
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Action: as a whole adducts and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder joint. clavicular head flexes arm and sternocostal head flexes the extended arm to the side of the trunk

33
Q

Pectoralis major origin + insertion

A

O = clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6 and sometimes 1-7

34
Q

Latissmus dorsi

A

Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint; draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly, elevates vertebral column and torso

35
Q

Latissmus dorsi origin + insertion

A

O = spines of lumbar vertebra and crests of sacrum

I = intertubercal sulcus of humerus

36
Q

Deltoid

A

Action:
- lateral fibers: abduct arm at shoulder joint
- anterior fibers: flex and medially rotate the arm at the shoulder joint
- posterior fibers: extend and laterally rotate the arm at the shoulder joint

37
Q

Deltoid origin + insertion

A

O = acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula

I = deltoid tuberosity of humerus

38
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Action: flexes arm at elbow joint, supinates arm at radioulnar joint and flexes the arm at shoulder joint

39
Q

Biceps brachii origin + insertion

A

O = long head: glenoid cavity, short head: coracoid process of scapula

I = radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis

40
Q

Brachioradialis

A

action: flexes arm at elbow joint most effectively when arm is mid-pronated

41
Q

Brachioradialis origin + insertion

A

O = lateral border of distal end of humerus

I = superior to styloid process of radius

42
Q

Triceps brachii

A

action: extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

43
Q

Triceps brachii origin + insertion

A

O = long head; infraglenoid tubercle, lateral head; lateral posterior surface of humerus, medial head; entire posterior surface of humerus inferior to a groove for the radial nerve

I = olecranon of ulna

44
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

action: extends and laterally rotates hip joint

45
Q

Gluteus maximus origin + insertion

A

O = iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx, and aponeurosis sacrospinalis

I = iliotibial tract of fascia lata, and superior lateral part of linea aspera, under greater trochanter of femur

46
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Action: abducts and medially rotates hip joints

47
Q

Gluteus medius origin + insertion

A

O = lateral surface of ilium

I = greater trochanter of femur

48
Q

Gracilis

A

Action: adducts thigh at hip joint, medially rotates thigh, and flexes leg at knee joint

49
Q

Gracilis origin + insertion

A

O = body and inferior ramus of pubis

I = medial surface of body of tibia

50
Q

Rectus femoris (quadriceps femoris)

A

action: all 4 heads extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris muscle acting alone also flexes thigh at hip joint

51
Q

Rectus femoris origin + insertion

A

O = anterior inferior iliac spine

I = patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity via patella ligament

52
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O = greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

53
Q

Vastus medius

A

O = linea aspera of femur

54
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O = anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

55
Q

Biceps femoris

A

action: extends thigh at hip joint
located posteriorly

56
Q

Biceps femoris origin + insertion

A

O = long head; ischial tuberosity, short head; linea aspera of femur

I = head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

57
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Action: extends thigh at hip joint
posterior medial aspect of thigh

58
Q

Semitendinosus origin + insertion

A

O = ischial tiberosity

I = proximal part of tibia medial to the tibial tuberosity

59
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Action: flexes leg at knee joint, and extends thigh at hip joint
- most medial

60
Q

Semimembranosus origin + insertion

A

O = ischial tuberosity

I = medial condyle of tibia

61
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and inverts foot at intertarsal joints

62
Q

Tibialis anterior origin + insertion

A

O = lateral condyle and body of tibia and interosseous membrane

I = metatarsal and first cuneiform

63
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and flexes leg at knee joint

64
Q

Gastrocnemius origin + insertion

A

O = lateral condyle of femur, medial condyle of femur, and articular capsule

I = calcaneous by way of calcaneal tendon

65
Q

Soleus

A

Action: plantar flexes foot at ankle joint

66
Q

Soleus origin + insertion

A

O = head of fibula and medial border of tibia

I = calcaneus by way of calcaneal tendon

BIOL 1190 (16 decks)

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