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NBCOT LAST Attempt > Splints > Flashcards

Splints Flashcards

1
Q

Thumb spica splint/short opponens splint

A

fractures, median nerve injury, repetitive motion syndromes of thumb, scaphoid, lunate, 1st MC fx, deQuervains, mommy thumb/gamers thumb, ulnar collateral ligament damage, inflammation/deformity of CMC/MCP due to arthritis/dislocation
- CMC, MCP joint support, hand based or wrist cock up (thermoplastic or fabric with metal stays)
- immobilize thumb (thumb opposed, PIP not immobilized to allow distal movement/opposition to fingers)

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2
Q

general purpose for splints

A
  1. to immobilize during healing to prevent re-injury, promote correct bone/tissue alignment
  2. to support to align extremity, allowing function
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3
Q

limit wearing time of a new splint to

A

1-2 hours at a time unless MC says otherwise & increase wear time as tolerated

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4
Q

if a splint must cover a bony prominence, the area around the prominence should be

A

padded, skin monitored

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5
Q

static splints

A

no moving parts, splinted area is immobilized, made of low temperature thermoplastic but could be made from harder, less flexible material

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6
Q

dynamic splints

A

have moving parts, position to facilitate movement, may have thermoplastic bases combined with movable components or can be made from softer materials (neoprene, cloth)

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7
Q

resting pan splint

A
  • for conditions that require long immobilization
    EX: hemiparesis, arthritis, chronic pain
  • support front of fingers, hand, wrist, FA, thumb in slight abduction
  • can be padded
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8
Q

dorsal resting pan splint

A

for skin conditions, IV or other ports, contracture or deformities that prevent fit of a volar splint
- wrist/FA support on back rather than front
- used when splint contact with front of wrist & FA is contraindicated

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9
Q

antispasticity ball splint

A

hemiparesis from CVA/TBI, CP, MS, other degenerative conditions, Alzheimers
- supports front of hand/fingers/wrist, FA
- fingers & thumb abducted by individual troughs
- reduce spasticity, prevents contractures

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10
Q

cone splint

A

to position hand when severe flexion contracture is present (Alzheimers, hemiparesis, dementia, advanced neurological conditions)
- narrow end towards thumb, wide end towards pinky (hand or wrist/FA based)

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11
Q

wrist cock up

A

for wrist injuries, median nerve compression injuries, positioning with spasticity/deformity, carpal tunnel, arthritis, simple wrist fx, CP
- wrist in 15 degrees extension with hole for thumb
- thermoplastic or fabric with metal stays
- immobilize wrist
- variation is dorsal wrist cock up

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12
Q

volar wrist splint

A

fractures, tenosynovitis, positioning after nerve injury/surgery, repetitive motion injuries, carpal tunnel, wrist fx, radial nerve palsy, RA
- similar to wrist cock up but wrist in neutral

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13
Q

thumb extension splint

A

thumb in extension, prevents adduction, opposition
- immobilize thumb after tendon/ligament injuries

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14
Q

C-bar splint

A
  • positions thumb in opposition to index finger
  • maintains a web space
  • used in place of a cast for edema
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15
Q

posterior elbow splint

A
  • immobilize shoulder following fx, soft tissue injury, brachial plexus injury, shoulder fx, soft tissue injuries due to dislocation
  • rigid plastic + metal positioning
  • UE in 90 degrees elbow flexion
  • variation: elbow fully extended, FA supinated, fingers extended (for deep tissue 2nd & 3rd degree burns)
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16
Q

static finger flexion splint

A

corrects finger extension contractures from injuries

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17
Q

static finger extension splint

A

corrects finger flexion contractures (Dupuytren’s contracture)
- thermoplastic or metal trough with strapping to stretch finger into extension

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18
Q

intrinsic plus resting splint

A

intrinsic resting position: MCP 70-90 deg flexion, IP full extension
- when hand must be immobilized for a while

19
Q

MCP blocking splint

A

prevent stress to flexor tendons after injury/repair
- flexor tendons in relaxed position, prevents MCP extension

20
Q

serpentine splint

A

counteracts MCP hyperextension, PIP flexion (claw deformity)
- MCP joint in 90 deg flexion, causes PIP extension with continued active grasp

21
Q

thumb abductor splint

A

stabilize CMC to reduce pain/improve grip & pinch
(RA)
- thumb abducted

22
Q

dynamic finger flexion splin

A

for recovery from tendon/ligament injury & surgery to protect repaired tendon, allowing limited movement for mobility
- controlled stretch to increase finger flexion but allows finger extension

23
Q

dynamic finger extension splint

A

for recovery from tendon/ligament injury & surgery to protect repaired tendon, address finger flexion contracture/deformity
- controlled stretch to increase finger extension but allows finger flexion

24
Q

ulnar deviation splint

A

align fingers when MCPs have degenerated (RA)
- finger separaters
- thermoplastic or stiff fabric

25
Q

silver ring splints

A

for swan neck deformity & boutonniere
- metal rings adjust over PIP (swan neck) or DIP (boutonniere)

26
Q

dynamic wrist extension splint

A

maintain wrist position following fx, radial nerve injury/repair, dorsal tendon injury/repair
- maintain wrist extension, allow active wrist flexion

27
Q

dynamic wrist flexion splint

A

maintain wrist position following fx, median or ulnar nerve injury/repair, volar tendon injury/repair
- maintain wrist flexion, allow active wrist extension

28
Q

soft wrist support

A

conservative carpal tunnel, arthritis
- neoprene or fabric, support to the wrist & distal FA while allowing wrist movement

29
Q

dynamic elbow flexion/extension splint

A

recovery from elbow fx, tendon repair, reduce elbow contracture
- facilitate/limit elbow flexion or extension while allowing active movement within MD range

30
Q

soft elbow brace

A

pain relief from tendonitis, arthritis, lateral or medial epicondylitis
- compression/support to elbow while allowing movement (neoprene or fabric)

31
Q

hemi-arm support

A

support shoulder after tendon injury/repair, dislocation, hemiparesis from CVA, TBI
- soft shoulder support

32
Q

dynamic shoulder abduction splint

A

elbow = 90 dg flexion, shoulder in varying degrees abduction, limited FA/hand movement
- position shoulder after surgery/injury

33
Q

flail arm splint

A

for UE movement after nerve injury, compensation technique due to degenerative neuro disease, brachial plexus injury, ALS, MS, muscular dystrophy
- shoulder harness, FA, wrist cuffs

34
Q

tenodesis splint

A

clients with little/no active hand movement (C6 SCI)

35
Q

balanced FA orthosis

A

mobile arm support
- UB paralysis, extreme weakness, must have active shoulder movement
- C4-C5 SCI, MD, MS, ALS, GB

36
Q

suspension sling/deltoid sling

A

extreme UE weakness due to CVA, TBI, SCI, MS, MD, GB, ALS
- sling with elbow support, wrist support, connected to horizontal bar from overhead device

37
Q

serial casting

A

for old soft tissue injuries, burns, CP, CVA, TBI
- provide PROLONGED STRETCH to contracted joint, increase ROM as casting progresses, worn 1-2 weeks

38
Q

inhibitory casting

A

position UE affected by spasticity in functional/stable position
- to reduce tone/spasticity
- can wear splints, do ROM afterwards

39
Q

neoprene

A

provide less support, allows for some movement
- OA, CMC, deQuervains

40
Q

thermoplastic

A

softer, more flexible material

41
Q

Resting hand splint

A

Supports volar fingers, hand, wrist, FA
- thumb is slightly abducted
- controls the wrist position

42
Q

What splint is best for inhibiting tone?

A

Cone splint

43
Q

What splint is best for encouraging tone

A

Resting hand splint

NBCOT LAST Attempt (50 decks)

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