Consonants by distinctive features

Question 1

What is a sonorant?

Answer 1

sounds that allow the airstream to pass unimpeded and without constriction through the oral or nasal cavity

Question 2

What groupings are sonorants?

Answer 2

glides, liquids, nasals

/m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /w/, /j/, /l/, /r/

Question 3

What is an obstruent?

Answer 3

sounds that are produced with considerable constriction

Question 4

What groupings are obstruents?

Answer 4

stops, affricates, and fricatives

/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, / ʔ /, /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /f/, /v/, / θ /, / ð /, /s/, /z/, / ʃ /, /ʒ/, /h/

Question 5

What is a continuant?

Answer 5

Airstream continues to move through the oral cavity

Question 6

What groupings are continuant?

Answer 6

glides, liquids, fricatives
/w/, /j/, /l/, /r/, /f/, /v/, / θ /, / ð /, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/

Question 7

What are interrupted consonant sounds?

Answer 7

sounds that have a complete blockage of the airstream during part of their articulation

Question 8

What groupings are interrupted?

Answer 8

stops, affricates
/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/

Question 9

What is a voiced consonant?

Answer 9

refers to vocal fold vibration/phonation during the production of the speech sound

Question 10

What groupings are voiced?

Answer 10

All liquids, glides, and nasals
some stops, fricatives and affricates:

/m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /l/, /r/, /w/, /j/, /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, / ð /, /z/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/

Question 11

What are nasal consonants?

Answer 11

sounds made with the airstream directed through the nasal cavity.

open velopharynx allowing air to pass through the nose

Question 12

What sounds are nasal?

Answer 12

m, n, ŋ

Question 13

What are anterior sounds?

Answer 13

obstruction is farther forward than for palatal sounds

Question 14

What groupings are anterior?

Answer 14

bilabials, labiodentals, interdentals, alveolars

/p/, /b/, /m/, /w/, /f/, /v/, / θ /, /ð/, /t/, /d/, /n/,/s/,/z/

Question 15

What are labial sounds?

Answer 15

sounds made with either one or both lips

Question 16

What groupings are labial?

Answer 16

bilabials, labiodentals

/p/, /b/, /m/, /w/, /f/, /v/

Question 17

What is a coronal sound?

Answer 17

production made with the tongue blade (front behind tip) or tongue tip (apex)

Question 18

What are the coronal sounds?

Answer 18

interdental, alveolar, palatal
/ θ /, / ð /, /s/, /z/, /t/, /d/, /l/, /n/, /ʃ/, / ʒ/, / tʃ /, / dʒ /, /j/, /r/

Question 19

What are back consonant sounds?

Answer 19

Place of production in the velar area that has the tongue body retracted

Velar: /k/, /g/, /ŋ/

Question 20

What is a strident sound?

Answer 20

Refers to sounds in which noise is produced by forcing airstream through a small opening

Think strident, straw

Question 21

Which sounds are strident sounds?

Answer 21

Affricates and fricatives, except for (h, th, th)

Consider: strident, straw.
When you make h, and th sounds, cannot blow into straw