Mitral Valve Prolapse/Valve Disorders Flashcards
what happens when a mitral valve prolapses
leaflets of the mitral valve billow upward into atrium
what are s/s of mitral valve prolapse
often asymptomatic
systolic murmur
midsystolic click
palpitations
tachycardia
light-headedness, syncope
fatigue/lethargy
weakness
chest tightness
anxiety
depression
panic attacks
chest pain
what is the treatment for mitral valve prolapse
regular physician reassessment
avoid hypovolemia
if sever may need valve repair/replacement
what is stenosis
valve is narrowed and blood cannot flow through the valve efficiently
when a pt has stenosis pressure is the _____ rises which _______ myocardial workload
chamber
increases
stenosis cause what
hypertrophy
what is regurgitation
leaflets of valve fail to completely shut which allows blood to leak back into chamber
regurgitation increases ____ and ____ of blood to be pumped
workload
volume
regurgitation causes _____ and _____ of chambers
dilation
hypertrophy
what are s/s of valve disorders
dyspnea
weakness/fatigue
murmurs
chest pain
what is the management/meds we can give to a pt that has stenosis/regurgitation
diuretics
cardiac glycosides
beta blockers
prophylactic antibiotics
management: valve repair or replacement
what 2 types of valves can we replace the injured valve with
mechanical valves
tissue valves
-xenografts
-homografts
-autografts
what should we watch heart valve replacement pts closely for
heart failure
