Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards
gas exchange in the lungs
O2 transported into the body tissues, CO2 transported out
-happens in the alveoli
effective gas exchange depends on:
ventilation, perfusion, diffusion happening simultaneously
-problems will cause hypoxemia or hypercarbia
pulmonary perfusion
-bronchial arteries bring O2 rich blood to lung tissues
-pulmonary arteries transport all of the right ventricle output to the alveoli
pressures of fluid balance:
hydrostatic, colloid osmotic pressure
-excessive hydrostatic=edema
-also regulated by capillary permeability
tidal volume
normal air breathed in and out at rest
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
max air that can be inhaled
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
max air that can be exhaled
residual volume (RV)
air left in the lungs after expiration
vital capacity (VC)
IRV+TV+ERV
normal FEV/FVC
75%, 3/4
obstructed FEV/FVC
25%, 1/4
-abnormally low FEV
restricted FEV/FVC
83%, 25/3
-abnormally high FEV
ventilation
movement of air
perfusion
movement of blood
matching Q and V
Q (perfusion) and V (ventilation) should always be equal