Basal Ganglia Flashcards
collection of gray matter nuclei located deep within the cerebral white matter
basal ganglia
Basal ganglia components
caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus (GP)
Subthalamic nucleus (STN) –> nucleus of Luys
Substantia nigra (SN)
Stratum Neostriatum: Caudate, Putamen
Lentiform nucleus: Putamen, Globus Pallidus
Corpus striatum: Caudate, Putamen, Globus Pallidus
Ventral striatum
Similar embryonic development and input/ output connections
limbic system
nucleus accumbens
do not participate in any direct way in modulation of movement
amygdaloid nuclear complex (limbic system) and claustrum
nucleus of Luys
Subthalamic nucleus
elongated arched gray cellular mass related throughout its extent to the lateral ventricle
caudate nucleus
shape of caudate
c shaped
lateral surface of caudate nucleus is related to
internal capsule which separates it from lentiform nucleus
parts of caudate nucleus
head - enlarged, protrudes into anterior horn of lateral ventricle
Body - dorsolateral to the thalamus near the lat wall of the lat ventricle
Tail - follows the curvature of inf horn of lat ventricle and enters the temporal lobe; terminates in the region of the amygdaloid complex
wedge shaped with apex directed medially
lentiform nucleus
lentiform broad convex base is directed
laterally
separates lentiform from claustrum
external capsule
most lat part of the corpus striatum and is darker and larger
putamen
location of lentiform
b/w int and ext capsule
loc of putamen
b/w ext capsule and lat medullary lamina of globus pallidus
rostral part of putamen is continuous
ventromedially with head of caudate
most medial part of lentiform nucleus
globus pallidus (lighter, inner portion)
has high concentration of myelinated fibers
globus pallidus
origin of globus pallidus
diencephalic orgin
separates 2 segments of globus pallidus
medial medullary lamina
medial border of globus pallidus
fibers of post limb of internal capsule
divides corpus striatum into caudate and lentiform
internal capsule
striated appearance produced by grands of gray matter passing through int capsule and connecting the caudate nucleus to putamen
striatum
receives inputs to basal ganglia
striatume
joins caudate and putamen in some places
cellular bridges
putamen is fused with head of caudate forming
ventral striatum
nucleus found in ventral striatum
nucleus accumbens
neurotransmitter in substantia nigra
dopamine