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Neuro > Hydrotherapy > Flashcards

Hydrotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrotherapy comes from what words

A

Hydro - water
therapeia - healing

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2
Q

Enumerate physical properties of water

A

Specific heat and thermal conductivity
Buoyancy
Resistance
Hydrostatic Pressure

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3
Q

amt of energy that we need to inc temp of a given weight of a material by a given no. of degrees

A

specific heat

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4
Q

unit of specific heat

A

joules per gram per deg.

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5
Q

– ability of one material to transfer the heat via conduction

A

thermal conductivity

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6
Q

unit of thermal conductivity

A

(cal/sec)/ (C/cm)

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7
Q

specific heat and thermal conductivity of water

A

SH: 4.19
TC: 0.0014

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8
Q

specific heat and thermal conductivity of air

A

SH: 1.01
TC: 0.000057

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9
Q

Water: air ratio

A

SH: 4.14
TC: 24.56

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10
Q

temperature to use for acute inflammation

A

cool

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11
Q

temp for exercise, acute inflammation if cant tolerate cold

A

tepid

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12
Q

temp for open wounds, medically-compromised pts, decrease tone

A

neutral warmth

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13
Q

temp to increase mobility of burns

A

mild warmth

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14
Q

temp for pain control

A

hot

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15
Q

temp to increase tissue extensibility, chronic conditions

A

very hot

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16
Q

temp that should not be used

A

> 43C or >110 F

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17
Q

principles of buoyancy

A

Archimedes’ principle
Specific gravity

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18
Q

principle that states when a body is immersed in fluid at rest, it creates an upward thrust equal to the amount of fluid displaced

A

Archimedes’ principle

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19
Q

corresponds to density of material: density of water ratio

A

specific gravity

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20
Q

formula of density

A

mass/ volume

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21
Q

Specific gravity of pure water

A

1

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22
Q

Specific gravity of salt water

A

1.024

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23
Q

Specific gravity of ice

A

0.917

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24
Q

specific gravity of air

A

0.00121

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25
Q

specific gravity of average human body

A

0.974

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26
Q

specific gravity of subcutaneous fat

A

0.85

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27
Q

relation of specific gravity to pure water

A

greater than 1 - sink
less than 1- float

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28
Q

higher sog

A

easier to float like salt water

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29
Q

When you try to swim in the water, you feel ____ against body.

A

resistance

30
Q

resistance in water is due to

A

viscosity of a liquid –> friction b/w molecules of water

31
Q

Factors of resistance

A

Larger Surface area, higher resistance
Faster you move, higher resistance

32
Q

Law of hydrostatic pressure

A

Pascal’s law

33
Q

a fluid exerts equal pressure on all surfaces of a body at rest at a given depth

A

Pascal’s law

34
Q

Hydrostatic pressure is deeper

A

in LE (foot)

35
Q

Physiologic Effects of hydrotherapy

A

Cleansing effects
Musculoskeletal effects
Thermal effects
Cardiovascular effects
Respiratory Effects
Renal Effects
Psychological Effects

36
Q

Cleansing effects of hydrotherapy

A
  • Pressure to remove debris (from wound)
  • Dissolved surfactants and anti-microbials in water
37
Q

Musculoskeletal effects

A
  • Decreased weight-bearing (assistive)
  • Strengthening (resistive)
  • Effects on bone density loss
  • Less fat loss (vs other exercises)
38
Q

Percentage weight bearing on C7, xiphisternum, ASIS

A

C7- 10
Xiphisternum - 25 to 30
ASIS - 50

39
Q

Thermal effects

A

Cold
* Decreases metabolism
* Pain relief
* Controls inflammation

Hot
* Relaxes muscle
* Increases flexibility
* Improves circulation (VD effects)
* Increases tissue extensibility

40
Q

Cardiovascular effects

A
  • inc venous circulation
  • inc cardiac volume
  • inc cardiac output
  • dec heart rate, systolic BP, rate of 02 uptake (VO2)
41
Q

Respiratory Effects

A

dec vital capacity
inc work of breathing
dec exercised-induced asthma

42
Q

Renal Effects

A

Diuresis (make u urinate more frequently)
inc Na+ and K+ excretion (reduces edema)

43
Q

increase in renal blood flow decreases

A

release of ADH (aldosterone)

44
Q

hormone that trigger production of urine

A

adh (aldosterone)

45
Q

Physiological effects

A

Relaxing (warm) energizing (Cool)

46
Q

Uses of Hydrotherapy

A
  • Sup heating/ cooling (convection, conduction)
  • pain control (thermal effects)
  • edema control (hydrostatic pressure)
  • water exercises (buoyancy)
  • wound care (commonly used during debridement - cleansing of wound)
47
Q

Contraindications for Local Immersion Hydrotherapy

A
  • Maceration around a wound
    o Excessive softening of tissue
    o Results more to skin breakdown
  • Bleeding
48
Q

Precautions for Local Immersion Hydrotherapy

A
  • Impaired sensation
  • infection
  • impaired cognition
  • recent skin grafts
49
Q

Precautions for Full Body Immersion Hydrotherapy

A
  • Confusion, disorientation
  • alcohol ingestion
  • limited strength, endurance or balance
  • medications for CV disease
  • urinary incontinence
  • fear of water
  • respiratory compromise
50
Q

Contraindications for Full body Immersion Hydrotherapy

A

Cardiac instability
infections spread in water
bowel incontinence
severe epilepsy
suicidal patients

51
Q

Application techniques

A

whirlpool
Contrast bath
exercise pool
non immersion irrigation devices

51
Q

Effects of Hydrotherapy

A

Drowning
burns. fainting, bleeding
hyponatremia (c extensive wound burns) - salt water
Infection (add anti-microbials in water)
aggravation of edema in UE
Asthma exacerbation

52
Q

part of whirlpool that allow flow of air through tube

A

butterfly valve

53
Q

resp for creating water output together c air, creating turbulence

A

turbine ejection

54
Q

used to move the entire turbine on left/ right side

A

throttle

55
Q

holds the entire turbine to the tank/ point of attachment

A

suspension bracket

56
Q

whirlpool types

A

Hubbard - full body immersion
extremity- distal extremity
high boy- mid thoracic, doesnt allow full LE ext
low boy- mid thoracic allows full LE ex

57
Q

duration of tx

A

20-30

58
Q

effect in contrast bath

A

pumping effect

59
Q

temp in contrast bath

A

o Warm water: 38-43 C (100-110F)
o Cold water: 13-18C (55-65F) –

60
Q

procedure of contrats bath

A

hot (3-4 mins)
Cold (1-2 mins)

repeat cycle for 20-30 mins

61
Q

Last immersion usual in contrast bath

A

end with warm water

62
Q

Last immersion some reference

A

Acute to subacute: cold water
Subacute to chronic: hot water

63
Q

hydrotherapy application that is Larger; To optimize cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and psychological effects (effects only applicable to full body immersion)

A

exercise pool

64
Q

temp of exercise pool

A

26-360 C

common - tepid

Warm: 34-36C for low-intensity exercises

Cool: 26-29C for more intense exercises

65
Q

o Sprays water to open wound

A
  • Non-immersion irrigation devices
66
Q
  • Non-immersion irrigation devices pressure
A

4-15 psi

67
Q

o Pulsatile irrigation device → delivers fluid at controlled pressure + removes contaminated fluid (via suction=

A

pulsed lavage

68
Q

recommended safety measures

A

o A room temperature of 25-30C with relative humidity of 50% is recommended
o Check electrical safety of machine and wires
o Do not run the turbine without the water

69
Q

 Commonly contaminated parts:

A
  • Bottom of the tank/ pool
  • Overflow pipes
  • Agitators
  • Thermometer
    o Can sometimes immersed thermometers
  • Edges of the tank/pool
  • Drainage
70
Q

documentation

A
  • Hydrotherapy using <tank/pool> x <temperature> x <duration> x <exercise done, if applicable> x <body part> to <rationale></rationale></duration></temperature>

Neuro (16 decks)

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