MODULE 10 - REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS Flashcards
What are some common causes of uterine structural abnormalities?
Uterine fibroids: Noncancerous growths in the uterus.
Uterine polyps: Overgrowths of tissue in the lining of the uterus.
Uterine septum: A band of tissue dividing the uterus.
Provide a definition for the following terms
- Amenorrhea
- Dysmenorrhea
- Menorrhagia
Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation.
Dysmenorrhea: Painful menstruation.
Menorrhagia: Excessive menstrual bleeding.
Describe the potential pre-hospital presentation of a ruptured ovarian cyst, and why this can become a gynaecological emergency.
Presentation: Sudden, sharp pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, and a tender abdomen. It can become a gynecological emergency due to the risk of internal bleeding, infection, or ovarian torsion.
What are the potential problems associated to endometriosis?
Pelvic pain: Especially during menstruation.
Infertility: Due to the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
Adhesions: Scar tissue can form, causing organs to stick together.
What is the most common location for an ectopic pregnancy?
Fallopian tubes.
What are the common causes of pelvic inflammatory disease and how does it typically present?
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Chlamydia and gonorrhea are common causes.
Bacterial infections: Other bacteria can also cause PID.
Define cryptorchidism and the consequences of not having corrective surgery.
Definition: Undescended testicles.
Consequences: May lead to infertility, increased risk of testicular cancer, and potential hormonal imbalances.
What type of male cystic condition of the genitals typically develops in puberty and why can it lead to infertility?
Type: Epididymal cyst (spermatocele).
Cause: Fluid-filled cysts in the epididymis.
Potential Effect: Rarely leads to infertility.
What is the most serious male reproductive emergency seen in the pre-hospital setting?
Priapism: Persistent, painful erection unrelated to sexual arousal. A medical emergency due to the risk of tissue damage and long-term erectile dysfunction.
What type of patient is more likely to develop Fournier’s gangrene and why?
High-Risk Patients: Those with diabetes or compromised immune systems.
Reason: Infection of the genital and perineal area, leading to rapid tissue necrosis.
Describe some recognised causes of priapism.
Sickle cell anemia: Blood cell blockage in the penis.
Trauma: Injury causing blood flow abnormalities.
Certain medications: Some drugs may contribute to priapism.
