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CWE > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main grape used in Morellino di Scansano?

A

At least 85% Sangiovese

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2
Q

Where is Morellino di Scansano DOCG?

A

Tuscany.

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3
Q

What wine from Tuscany was mentioned in Dante’s Divine Comedy?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano.

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4
Q

What are the requirements for Carmignano DOCG?

A

Carmignano DOCG requires a minimum of 50% Sangiovese, and 10-20% of some combination of Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Cabernet Franc.

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5
Q

Where is Carmignano DOCG?

A

Tuscany.

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6
Q

What grapes are permitted in Chianti DOCG?

A

Chianti DOCG must contain at least 70% Sangiovese. Other grapes permitted include Canailo Nero, “other suitable red varieties”, and the white grape varieties of Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia.

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7
Q

What is Occhio di Pernice?

A

Ochio di Pernice is a light red or amber hued Vin Santo produced from Sangiovese.

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8
Q

What is Tignonello?

A

Tignonello is an early Super-Tuscan style wine created by Marchese Piero Antinori. A blend of Sangiovese and Cabernet Sauvignon.

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9
Q

When was the original “Super Tuscan” commercially released?

A

1968

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10
Q

Who released the first “Super Tuscan”?

A

Tenuta San Guido

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11
Q

Where is Roero, and what styles of wine are produced there?

A

Roero DOCG is in Piedmont, and both red and white wines are produced. The reds are less concentrated, earlier drinking Nebbiolos and the white version is a fragrant white called Roero Arneis.

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12
Q

Where is Lison and what wines are produced there?

A

Lison DOCG is shared between Veneto and Friuli Venezie-Giulia. It is white only, based on the Friulano grape.

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13
Q

Where is Ramandolo and what wines are made there?

A

Ramandolo DOCG is in Friuli Venezie-Giulia and produces sweet white wines from the Verduzzo variety.

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14
Q

Where is Terre Alfieri?

A

Terre Alfieri DOCG is in Piedmont, Italy

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15
Q

Where is Piave Malanotte and what wines are produced there?

A

Piave Malanotte DOCG is in Veneto. Only red wines are allowed, using the indigenous variety Raboso.

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16
Q

Where is Romagna Albana and what is important about the region?

A

Romagna Albana is is Emilia-Romagna and was the first Italian DOCG for white wines.

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17
Q

What is Lambrusco?

A

A slightly frizzante, dry or sweet, red or rosé wine made in Emilia-Romagna (and part of Lombardy)

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18
Q

Where is Cerasuolo di Vittoria and what wine is produced there?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG is from Sicily. It is a red wine made from Nero d’Avola and Frappato grapes.

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19
Q

Where is Cirò and what wines are made there?

A

Cirò DOC is in Calabria and produces red wines (Rossa) from the Gaglioppo grape. White wines are made using Greco Bianco.

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20
Q

What grapes are used in Marsala?

A

Grillo and Inzolia white grapes are used in Marsala. Other grapes allowed include Catarratto and Nerello Mascalese.

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21
Q

What is Sifone?

A

Sifone is fortified grape must used to sweeten Marsala.

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22
Q

Where is Tullum and what wines are produced there?

A

Tullum is in Abruzzo and produces red wines based on Montepulciano.

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23
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese is required for Morellino di Scansano?

A

85%

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24
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese is required for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano?

A

70%

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25
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese is required for Chianti Classico?

A

80%

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26
Q

What percentage of Sangiovese is required for Chianti?

A

70-100%

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27
Q

What percentage of wines made in Tuscany are red?

A

Almost 90%

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28
Q

What is Greco di Bianco?

A

A copper colored dessert wine made from the Greco Bianco grape.

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29
Q

What is Rosazzo?

A

Rosazzo DOCG is an Italian wine region in Friuli-Venezia Giulia. It makes dry white wines with a minimum 50% Friulano. Other allowed grapes include Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and Ribolla Gialla.

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30
Q

Where is Lugano, and what wines are made there?

A

Lugano DOC is shared between Veneto and Lombardy. Wines from Turbiana (Trebbiano di Lugana). It is a grape similar to Verdicchio.

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31
Q

What type of wine is Brachetto d’Acqui?

A

Brachetto d’Acqui (also known as Acqui) is made in Piedmont. It is a slightly sweet, sparkling red wine.

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32
Q

Where is Nizza, and what is made there?

A

Nizza is in Piedmont, a former sub-region of Barbera d’Asti. Wines are made using 100% Barbera grapes, and require 18 months of aging (30 for Riserva).

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33
Q

What is Frascati?

A

Frascati DOC is a wine region in Lazio, Italy, in the hills south of Rome. It is cooled by altitude and lakes. Wines from the region are blends of Malvasia (at least 70% and Trebbiano.

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34
Q

What is Greco di Tufo?

A

Greco di Tufo DOCG is a wine region of Campania in Italy. It is a white wine, made from Greco di Tufo (believed to be a clone of Greco Bianco).

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35
Q

Where is Piave and what types of wines does it produce?

A

Piave DOC is in Veneto and is approved for both dry and appassimento wines from a range of grapes.

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36
Q

Where is the Lison-Pramaggiore and what wines are made there?

A

Lison-Pramaggiore is in Veneto (and extends into Friuli-Venezia Giulia). A wide range or red and white wines from both traditional and international varieties are made in the area.

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37
Q

Where is Montefalco Sagrantino and what type of grape is used?

A

Umbria, Italy. 100% Sagrantino.

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38
Q

Where is Vermentino di Gallura DOCG located?

A

Sardinia

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39
Q

What are the requirements for the Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC?

A

It must be a red wine of at least 80% Cabernet Sauvignon.

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40
Q

What does Chianti Classico Gran Selezione mean?

A

It is meant to be the top wine from the region, exclusively from estate-grown grapes, and longer (30 months minimum) aging requirements, as well as stricter “technical and sensory parameters”

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41
Q

What are the requirements for Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG, and where is the region located?

A

A red wine containing a minimum of 70% Sangiovese, located in Umbria.

42
Q

Where is Freisa di Chieri located?

A

Freisa di Chieri DOC is in Piedmont.

43
Q

Where is Erbaluce di Caluso located?

A

Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG is in Piedmont.

44
Q

Where is Cannellino di Frascati DOCG and what wines are made there?

A

Lazio. It is an obscure sweet wine, with a very late harvest date, tied to the Festival of San Crispino.

45
Q

What is Vin Santo?

A

A dessert wine made by hanging grapes in attic rafters to dry (similar to recioto). Typically sweet, can be dry.

46
Q

What grapes are usually used in Vin Santo?

A

White grapes, from Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia Bianca Lunga. However, and light red/amber version may be made with Sangiovese.

47
Q

How is Vin Santo made?

A

Grapes are harvested, hung in attic rafters to dry. They are crushed and put into small barrels that contain some lees from earlier vintages, which starts a new fermentation. They’re sealed, and kept in an attic for at least three years. Better producers age it 2-3 years longer.

48
Q

What is the Ripasso Method?

A

Young wine is poured over over the sediment or lees of Amarone or Recioto grapes. It goes through a short second fermentation, which adds more flavors, tannin, and alcohol.

49
Q

What grape is used in Valpolicalla Ripasso?

A

Corvina.

50
Q

What is Amarone della Valpolicalla?

A

It is a dry wine made in Veneto using the appasimento method.

51
Q

What is the appassimento method?

A

Ripe grapes are harvested and then left to dry until January (or later), until loses up to 60% of water content. It is a long, cool fermentation process. Can make either sweet or dry wine depending on whether fermentation is stopped.

52
Q

What is the difference between Amarone de Valpolicella and Recioto della Valpolicella?

A

Amarone is dry, Recioto is sweet. For Recioto, fermentation is stopped when the alcohol content reaches about 12%. Amarone allows the fermention to continue until dry, reaching about 15-16% ABV

53
Q

What are the grapes used in Valpolicella?

A

Based on Corvina or Corvinone grapes, with a small amount of Rondinella. Molinara was included but is now optional. Small amounts of other grapes allowed as well.

54
Q

What is Chiaretto?

A

A rose wine in Bardolino, in Veneto, based on Corvina and Rondinella.

55
Q

What wine is made in Bardolino?

A

Bardolina DOC and Bardolino Superiore DOCG produce red and rose wines based on Corvina and Rondinella.

56
Q

What is the Governo process?

A

It is a traditional winemaking technique in Tuscany. Grapes that were overripe on vine or dried after harvest are added to fermenting grapes. Extends fermentation, often initiates malolactic fermentation. Makes a richer, rounder wine with softer acids and less volatility.

57
Q

Is the Governo process allowed for use in Chianti?

A

Yes.

58
Q

What does the label term Governo all’uso Toscano mean?

A

It means that the governo process was used to produce the wine.

59
Q

Where is Sfozato di Valtellina DOCG and what wine is made there?

A

Lombardy. It is a dry, high alcohol wine made from a minimum of 90% Chicavennasca (Nebbiolo) grapes that are partially dried before fermentation.

60
Q

How many grape varieties are allowed for use in quality wines of Italy?

A

More than 400, closer to 2000 if include subvarieties.

61
Q

What are the quality designations for wine in Italy (with their corresponding EU designations)?

A

Vino (Wine)
IGT (PGI)
DOC (PDO)
DOCG (PDO)

62
Q

What percentage of Italy’s wines fall into to Vino category?

A

Approximately 40%

63
Q

How many IGT zones are there in Italy, and what percentage of the wine in Italy is in that category?

A

120 zones, 30% of Italian wine.

64
Q

How many DOCs and DOCGs are there in Italy?

A

Over 330 DOCs, 76 DOCGs.

65
Q

What does the term Superiore mean on an Italian wine label?

A

It has a specific higher level of alcohol by volume than required of the corresponding “normale” wine.

66
Q

How many DOCGs does Veneto have?

A

14

67
Q

What percentage of wine produced in Veneto is white?

A

75%

68
Q

What is the primary grape of Veneto?

A

Garganega - used for Soave.

69
Q

What is the name of the grape used to make Prosecco?

A

Glera

70
Q

What is Valdadige?

A

The overarching DOC of Trentino-Alto Adige.

71
Q

What percentage of wine from Piedmont is red?

A

About 67%

72
Q

How many DOCGs and DOCS does Piedmont have?

A

18 DOCGs and 40 DOCs.

73
Q

What Italian region has the most high-level wine appellations?

A

Piedmont

74
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barolo?

A

38 months, 62 for riserva.

75
Q

What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco?

A

26 months, 50 for riserva.

76
Q

What is the grape used to make Gavi?

A

Cortese.

77
Q

Where is Gattinara and what type of wine is made there?

A

Piedmont, Nebbiolo (Spanna) -based blends

78
Q

Where is Ghemme and what type of wine is made there?

A

Piedmont, Nebbiolo (Spanna) -based blends

79
Q

What is Franciacorta?

A

A metodo classico sparkling wine made in Lombardy from Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, and Pinot Nero grape varieties. A small amount of Erbamat may be used as well.

80
Q

What are the aging times (on the lees) for Franciacorta?

A

Non-vintage - 18 months
Vintage dated - 30 months
Riserva - 60 months.
Satèn and rosé styles - 24 months

81
Q

For Franciacorta, when can the required time spent aging on the lees begin?

A

After February 1 of the year following the harvest.

82
Q

Where is Valtellina, and what wines are produced there?

A

Valtellina is a narrow east-west valley in the foothills of the Alps in the region of Lombardy. The Valtellina Rosso DOC and Valtellina Superiore DOCG both require a minimum of 90% Chiavennasca (Nebbiolo).

83
Q

What is Solaia?

A

A Cabernet Sauvignon-Cabernet Franc wine made in Tuscany - an early Super Tuscan.

84
Q

Where is Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG and what wine is made there?

A

Le Marche in Italy. A crisp, neutral white made with the Verdicchio grape.

85
Q

Where is Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva DOCG?

A

Le Marche.

86
Q

Where is Cònero and what wine is made there?

A

Cònero DOCG and Rosso Cònero DOC are in Le Marche in Italy. The wine is a red blend of at least 85% Montepulciano with up to 15% Sangiovese. The DOCG has higher standards for aging and levels of alcohol.

87
Q

What is Rosso Piceno?

A

A wine region in Le Marche that produces a red blend with 35% - 85% Montepulciano and 15% - 50% Sangiovese.

88
Q

Where is Est! Est!! Est!!! di Montefiascone DOC, and what type of wine is made there?

A

Lazio. A white wine, mostly dry.

89
Q

Where is Taurasi DOCG and what type of wine is produced there?

A

Campania, red wines based on the Aglianico grape.

90
Q

Where is Fiano di Avellino DOCG?

A

Campania.

91
Q

Where is Salice Salentino and what wines are made there?

A

Puglia, a red wine based on Negroamaro.

92
Q

What types of wines are Etna DOC?

A

Crisp white wines from grapes like Carricante and Catarratto, as well as reds and rosatos from Nerello Mascalese.

93
Q

Where is Malvasia delle Lipari DOC and what wines are made there?

A

Sicily, sweet white wines.

94
Q

Where is Moscato de Noto DOC, and what type of wines does it producte?

A

Sicily, sweet white wines.

95
Q

Where is Moscato di Pantelleria?

A

Pantelleria is a satellite island of Sicily.

96
Q

What are the three types of Marsala?

A

Oro (golden)
Ambra (amber)
Rubino (rub/red)

97
Q

What are the maximum residual sugar levels for the different sweetness levels of Marsala?

A

Secco (dry) - 4% residual sugar
Semisecco (semi-dry) - 4%-10% residual sugar
Dolce (sweet) - More than 10% residual sugar

98
Q

What is Vergine Stravecchio Riserva?

A

The most highly esteemed version of Marsala, it is dry and requires a minimum of ten years’ aging in cask.

99
Q

What type of wine is made in Cannonau di Sardegna?

A

85% Cannonau - the Sardinian name for Grenache. For Riserva must be 90%

100
Q

What are two unique Italian varieties to Sardinia?

A

Monica (red) and Nuragus (white).

101
Q

What is Galestro?

A

Schist-based soil found in Tuscany.

102
Q

What is the Biondi-Santi family known for?

A

Brunello di Montalcino - making the wine and helping to preserve the traditions of the region.

CWE (34 decks)

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