Deck 8

Question 1

The aim of nutrition of young bulls is:

Answer 1

the highest daily weight gain possible

Question 2

Weight gain in young bulls from weaning to 12-15 months of age is:

Answer 2

At least 1.25 kg per day

Question 3

Use of concentrates in daily ration of young bulls is:

Answer 3

Necessary all the time

Question 4

Recommended concentration of fat in daily ration of beef cattle is:

Answer 4

2-5%

Question 5

Natural antioxidants include:

Answer 5

VItamin E
Selenium
B-carotene

Question 6

Crude fibre in chemical determination includes:

Answer 6

A partial share of structural carbohydrates in an acidic environment is dissolved hemicellulose, in an alkaline environment part of lignin

Question 7

Physically effective feNDV fiber in feed represents:

Answer 7

Amount of NDV in KD with size over 8 mm to preserve rumen function
Representation above 22% in TMR dry matter stabilizing rumen pH factor above 6.0

Question 8

ADV fiber in chemical determination includes:

Answer 8

the proportion of cellulose and lignin in the feed for evaluating digestibility of dry matter in TMR

Question 9

Non-structural carbphydrates in feed include:

Answer 9

Pectin is not analyzed as part of non-structural carbphydrates, while non-fibrous carbphydrates include pectin, so the values are not interchangeable

Question 10

The estimate of the dry matter intake is determined by the volume type KD:

Answer 10

by the filling effect of NDV, according to the levels of 1.2 kg NDV per 100 kg of body weight

Question 11

Rumen pH regulation is limited by the rate of absorption of UMK through the wall of the rumen into the blood:

Answer 11

At high pH - by active absorption - dissociated UMK in exchange for bicarbonate

Question 12

According to the type and solubility, blk fractions are degraded in the rumen:

Answer 12

Albumins - globulins - prolamins - glutenins

Question 13

Denaturation of blk represents the loss of biological value of blk, a change occurs:

Answer 13

Sec and terc structure blk, primary structure is preserved

Question 14

Ruminal degradability of proteins increases when the feed is treated:

Answer 14

Preservation by the silage processes

Question 15

Conjugated linoleic acid is produced in the rumen during:

Answer 15

biohydrogenation of PNMK with optimal rumen function at pH 6.0 to 6.8

Question 16

Starch is fermented in the rumen over time ….., with the efficiency of fermentation in the range ….%:

Answer 16

4-5 hours
85-95%

Question 17

In the ruminal fermentation of carbohydrates, optimal representation of acetic acid XX mmol/L and propionic acid XX mmol/L:

Answer 17

Acetic acid: 60-65% z 80-130 mmol/L = 48-78 mmol/L resp 52-84.5 mmol/L
Propionic acid: 20-25% z 80-130 mmol/L = 16-26 mmol/L resp 20-32.5 mmol/L

Question 18

TAG - the main types of fats contained in grains, oilseeds are composed of:

Answer 18

TAG = 3 carbon alcohol combined with 3 molecules of MK, if MK is unsaturated it has an oily consistency, saturated = waxy/fatty

Question 19

Phospholipids - the main types of fats in the cell membranes of plants and animals are composed of:

Answer 19

Glycerol with two fatty acids and the third position of glycerol is occupied by organic molecules such as choline, ethanolamine, serine, inositol

Question 20

What is the role of micelles and what are they composed of?

Answer 20

Two layer shell consisting of salts of bile acids, phospholipids, insoluble lipids, free MK and monoglycerides
Form complexes with MK and thus absorption into small intestine

Question 21

NDV in chemical dtermination includes:

Answer 21

Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content b

Question 22

Effective NDV includes a:

Answer 22

Determined amount of NDV in TMR to preserve the motor function of the rumen c physically

Question 23

NVS in feed includes:

Answer 23

the proportion of insoluble carbphydrates of cell content and cell wall in feeds determined by calculation,
part of NVS but is not analyzed NSS, therefore the names are not interchangeable, carbohydrates in feeds

Question 24

During rumen fermentation, the highest proportion of carbohydrates is transformed:

Answer 24

rumen microflora in the range of 32-33% formation, UMK 43-46% and CO2CH4 13-14%

Question 25

Rumen pH regulation is limited by the absorption rate of UMK through the rumen wall:

Answer 25

a low rumen pH level - passive transport of non-dissociated UMK , at a high rumen pH

Question 26

Nutritional adaptation of the rumen mucosa is ensured by the production of UMK according to the length of the carbon chain in the following order:

Answer 26

Propionic - acetic, acetic acid - propionic acid

Question 27

The final product of AMK deamination in the rumen is:

Answer 27

NH3 and UMK with a branded chain, isoacids, NH3

Question 28

Naturally protected bypass BLKs are represented to a higher degree in:

Answer 28

Secondary feed products

Question 29

The share of BLK bypass increases when the feed is:

Answer 29

Treated with aldehydes to reduce solubility and increases bypass

Question 30

Conjugated linoleic acid (trans-10, cis-12 CLK) is produced in the rumen at:

Answer 30

biohydrogenation of PNMK with optimal rumen function at pH 6.0-6.8