Block III: Hip and gluteal region

Question 1

What does the pelvic girdle consists of?

Answer 1

2 coxal bones, the sacrum and the proximal part of the femur

Question 2

When does the coxal bones fuse?

Answer 2

It begin to fuse at 15 to 17 years of age; fusion is complete between 20 and 25 years of age

Question 3

Which are the coxal bones?

Answer 3

Ilium:
-Forms the largest part of the hip bone and the superior aspect of the acetabulum

Ischium:
-Forms the postero-inferior part of the acetabulum and hip bone

Pubis:
-Forms the anterior part of the acetabulum and the anteromedial part of the hip bone

Question 4

Describe the formation of the sacrum

Answer 4

Formed by the fusion of five, originally separate, sacral vertebrae

Question 5

Mention the parts of the medial aspect of the pelvic bone

Answer 5

Question 6

Mention the parts of the lateral aspect of the pelvic bone

Answer 6

Question 7

Mention the parts of the aterior aspect of the sacrum

Answer 7

Question 8

Mention the parts of the posterior aspect of the sacrum

Answer 8

Question 9

Mention the parts of the medial aspect of the sacrum

Answer 9

Question 10

Which artery can be damaged if there is a transcervical hip fracture?

Answer 10

medial circumflex artery; common fracture in old people and women

Question 11

Which artery can be damaged if there is a intertrochanteric hip fracture?

Answer 11

lateral circumflex artery; common in young people bc of trauma

Question 12

What is the angle of inclination in the adult?

Answer 12

115-140 degrees (avrg 126)

Question 13

What is the angle of inclination of a 3 year old child?

Answer 13

135

Question 14

What is the angle of inclination in old age?

Answer 14

120

Question 15

what is the normal angle of torsion of femur?

Answer 15

12; The torsion angle or ante-torsion determines how much the thigh bone spirals inward relative to the hip joint.

A normal angle, the knee caps will face straight forward

Question 16

What is coxa vara?

Answer 16

(know knees) The angle of inclination is decreased (as little as 110º):
-The femoral shaft is displaced medially and knock knees
-Causes a mild passive abduction of the hip

Question 17

What is Coxa valga?

Answer 17

(bow legs) The angle of inclination is increased (up to 145º)
-The shaft of the femur is displaced laterally and bow legs results

Question 18

By what is the torsion angle is measure by?

Answer 18

two lines:
1. One line passes parallel with the femoral condyles and intersects the axis of the thigh bone
2. A second line runs from the center of that central axis out through the head of the femur