Basal Ganglia (thalamic nuclei) Flashcards
C.D. a 68 year old patient who was diagnosed to have
tumor on the thalamus 2 weeks ago. The patient is referred for
pre-rehabilitation prior to the removal of the tumor. Upon
assessment, the patient presents with the following signs and
symptoms: blurring of vision and pain on the facial area and on
the (B) UE and LE.
Lateral geniculate body
- blurring of vision
Ventral posteromedial (VPM)
- face sensation
Ventral posterolateral (VPL)
- info for pain, temp, crud touch via neospinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus of DCML pathway
receives visual information from opposite field of vision
Lateral geniculate body
thalamic relay station for the visual pathway
Lateral geniculate body
receives information from the retina and sends it to the
visual cortex for processing
Lateral geniculate body
● relays common sensations to consciousness
● Receives information from the face via trigeminal nerve
which projects to somatosensory cortex
Ventral posteromedial (VPM)
● relays common sensations to consciousness
● Receives information for pain, temperature and crude
touch via neospinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus of
DCML pathway which projects to somatosensory cortex
Ventral posterolateral (VPL)
receive the mammillothalamic tract from the mammillary
nuclei.
receive reciprocal connections with the cingulate gyrus
and hypothalamus
Anterior thalamic nuclei
ANTERIOR PART OF THALAMUS
Anterior thalamic nuclei
closely associated with that of the limbic system and is concerned with emotional tone and the mechanisms of recent memory.
Anterior thalamic nuclei
responsible for the integration of a large variety of sensory information, including somatic, visceral, and olfactory information, and the relation of this information to one’s emotional feelings and subjective states.
Dorsomedial nucleus
MEDIAL PART OF THALAMUS
Dorsomedial nucleus
Large; has two-way connections with the whole prefrontal
cortex of the frontal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere
interconnected with all other groups of thalamic nuclei.
Dorsomedial nucleus
The function of these nuclei are still unknown but they are known to have interconnections with other thalamic nuclei and with the parietal lobe, cingulate gyrus, and occipital and temporal lobes.
Dorsal tier:
Lateral Dorsal nucleus, lateral posterior nucleus, and pulvinar
connected to the reticular formation, the substantia nigra, the corpus striatum, and the premotor cortex as well as to many of the other thalamic nuclei.
Since It lies on the pathway between the corpus striatum and the motor areas of the frontal cortex, it is believed to influence the activities of the motor cortex
Ventral anterior nucleus
Has a major input from the cerebellum and a minor input from the red nucleus.
Ventral lateral nucleus