Basal Ganglia (thalamic nuclei) Flashcards

1
Q

C.D. a 68 year old patient who was diagnosed to have
tumor on the thalamus 2 weeks ago. The patient is referred for
pre-rehabilitation prior to the removal of the tumor. Upon
assessment, the patient presents with the following signs and
symptoms: blurring of vision and pain on the facial area and on
the (B) UE and LE.

A

Lateral geniculate body
- blurring of vision

Ventral posteromedial (VPM)
- face sensation

Ventral posterolateral (VPL)
- info for pain, temp, crud touch via neospinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus of DCML pathway

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2
Q

receives visual information from opposite field of vision

A

Lateral geniculate body

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3
Q

thalamic relay station for the visual pathway

A

Lateral geniculate body

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4
Q

receives information from the retina and sends it to the
visual cortex for processing

A

Lateral geniculate body

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5
Q

● relays common sensations to consciousness
● Receives information from the face via trigeminal nerve
which projects to somatosensory cortex

A

Ventral posteromedial (VPM)

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6
Q

● relays common sensations to consciousness
● Receives information for pain, temperature and crude
touch via neospinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus of
DCML pathway which projects to somatosensory cortex

A

Ventral posterolateral (VPL)

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7
Q

receive the mammillothalamic tract from the mammillary
nuclei.

receive reciprocal connections with the cingulate gyrus
and hypothalamus

A

Anterior thalamic nuclei

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8
Q

ANTERIOR PART OF THALAMUS

A

Anterior thalamic nuclei

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9
Q

closely associated with that of the limbic system and is concerned with emotional tone and the mechanisms of recent memory.

A

Anterior thalamic nuclei

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10
Q

responsible for the integration of a large variety of sensory information, including somatic, visceral, and olfactory information, and the relation of this information to one’s emotional feelings and subjective states.

A

Dorsomedial nucleus

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11
Q

MEDIAL PART OF THALAMUS

A

Dorsomedial nucleus

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12
Q

Large; has two-way connections with the whole prefrontal
cortex of the frontal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere

interconnected with all other groups of thalamic nuclei.

A

Dorsomedial nucleus

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13
Q

The function of these nuclei are still unknown but they are known to have interconnections with other thalamic nuclei and with the parietal lobe, cingulate gyrus, and occipital and temporal lobes.

A

Dorsal tier:

Lateral Dorsal nucleus, lateral posterior nucleus, and pulvinar

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14
Q

connected to the reticular formation, the substantia nigra, the corpus striatum, and the premotor cortex as well as to many of the other thalamic nuclei.

Since It lies on the pathway between the corpus striatum and the motor areas of the frontal cortex, it is believed to influence the activities of the motor cortex

A

Ventral anterior nucleus

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15
Q

Has a major input from the cerebellum and a minor input from the red nucleus.

A

Ventral lateral nucleus

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16
Q

Its main projections pass to the motor and premotor regions of the cerebral cortex.

Similarly, this thalamic nucleus may influence motor activity.

A

Ventral lateral nucleus

17
Q

Are small collections of nerve cells within the internal medullary lamina.

A

Intralaminar nuclei

18
Q

They receive afferent fibers from the reticular formation as well as fibers from the spinothalamic and trigeminothalamic tracts;

They also send efferent fibers to other thalamic nuclei, which in turn project to the cerebral cortex, and fibers to the corpus striatum.

A

Intralaminar nuclei

19
Q

They believed to influence the levels of consciousness and alertness in an individual.

A

Intralaminar nuclei

20
Q

consist of groups of nerve cells adjacent to the third ventricle and in the interthalamic connection.

A

Midline nuclei

21
Q

receive afferent fibers from the reticular formation.

Their precise functions are unknown

A

Midline nuclei

22
Q

The function of this nucleus is not fully understood, but it may be concerned with a mechanism by which the cerebral cortex regulates thalamic activity

A

Reticular nucleus

23
Q

forms part of the auditory pathway

receives auditory information from both ears but predominantly from the opposite ear.

A

Medial geniculate body

24
Q

Influences motor activity

A

Ventral anterior
Ventral lateral

25
Q

relays common sensations to consciousness

A

Ventral posteromedial (VPM)
Ventral posterolateral (VPL)
Intralaminar (Consciousness and alertness)

26
Q

emotional related

A

Anterior (emotional tone)
Dorsomedial (Integration of info in relation to emotional feelings)

27
Q

Unknown functions

A

Lateral dorsal, lateral posterior, pulvinar

midline

28
Q
A