Critical Victimology

Question 1

What does critical victimology share the same approach as?

Answer 1

critical criminology

Question 2

what is critical victimology based on?

Answer 2

conflict theories

Question 3

What are the two elements of critical victimology?

Answer 3

structural factors eg: patriarchy

the state’s power to apply or deny the label of victim.

Question 4

Which structural factors would make women and the poor at greater risk of victimisation?

Answer 4

patriarchy and poverty

Question 5

Structural factors: Mawby and Walklate (1994):

Answer 5

victimisation is a form of structural powerlessness

Question 6

victimisation is a form of:

Answer 6

structural powerlessness

Question 7

Victim is a s________ c________

Answer 7

social construct

Question 8

people are labelled a ‘victim’ by:

Answer 8

the state

Question 9

other people are denied v_______ s_______ by the state

Answer 9

victim status

Question 10

the state can do two things:

Answer 10

label someone as a victim
deny the victim status

Question 11

Tombs and White (2007)

Answer 11

‘safety crimes’ where employers violations lead to death or injury are often explained by the fault of accident-prone workers.

Question 12

what does the label accident prone workers shield?

Answer 12

employer’s violations leading to death or injury (safety crimes)

Question 13

what are rape victims denied and blamed for?

Answer 13

1. denied the official victim status
2. blamed for their fate

Question 14

The failure to label people as victims acts as an:

Answer 14

ideological function

Question 15

Ideological Failure of the failure to label people as victims does what?

Answer 15

1. hides the crimes of the powerful
2. denies the powerless redress (compensation)

Question 16

the powerless are most likely to be v__________ and less likely to have this a_______ by the s____.

Answer 16

victimised
acknowledged
state

Question 17

AO3 positivist victimology argues : disregards…

Answer 17

the role victims may play in bringing victimisation on themselves through own choice eg: own offending

Question 18

AO3: support- draws attention to…

Answer 18

how victim status is constructed and how it benefits the powerful at the expense of the powerless.

Question 19

AO3 support: an example of social construction of victim status:

Answer 19

‘missing white woman syndrome’

Question 20

AO3 support: Bhopal disaster

Answer 20

the true victims were not seen as victims by the government although the suffered illness, death and birth defects. Offenders only had to pay a small fine years later.