Research methods Flashcards

1
Q

theoretical strengths of qualitative data:

A

High validity

Can gain verstehen

Interpretivists like, can understand why social actors behave in the way that they do.

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2
Q

Theoretical strengths of quantitative data:

A

Objective (trends and patterns can be analysed)

high reliability

representative

positivists like, can establish trends

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3
Q

Practical factors:

A

Accessibility

Resources (money, equipment space)

time

requirements of funding bodies

personal characteristics

subject matter

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4
Q

Ethical factors:

A

deception

informed consent

psychological harm/ sensitive topics

confidentiality

vulnerable groups

right to withdraw

rapport

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5
Q

Theoretical factors:

A

validity

reliability

representativeness

objectivity

subjectivity

verstehen

Hawthorne effect

positivism

interpretivism

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6
Q

Content analysis key study:

A

Cohen (1972)
uncover how media represented mods and rockers in the 60’s. Found tat the media exaggerated and distorted events and conflicts.
Cohen found that newspapers exaggerated and created deviant behaviour of the mods and rockers because there was an absence of other news stories.

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7
Q

public documents:

A

produced by organisations eg: government departments, charities, businesses
available for sociologists to use
eg: ofsted reports and records of parliamentary debates.

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8
Q

Personal documents key study- Hey

A

Study on the formation of schoolgirl friendships.
Took girl’s notes out of bin after the lesson ended.
Looked in girl’s diaries, in order to collect this data, Hey gained trust and friendship from the girls by swapping her own personal diaries with theirs.

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9
Q

Historical documents key study: Anne Frank

A

historical and personal.
Secondary data to investigate the holocaust.
Started writing the diary at 13, died at 15.
It is a deep insight into how Jews were treated during the Nazi Holocaust due to the diary being written in her personal perspective and account.

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10
Q

Official statistics Key study- Durkheim

A

Compared suicide rates and spotted patterns/ trends in European countries.
factors included marital status, childlessness and divorce.
Religion was also a big factor, catholic countries eg Italy had lower suicide rates as suicide is seen as a grave sin.
he took the stats at face value and assumed that they were correct.

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11
Q

NPO key study: Willis

A

Group of 12 WC lads.
Want to find out how capitalism shaped their education.
NPO of the 12 WC lads.
could see the activities of the boys first hand.

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12
Q

Participant observations key studies:

A

Barker (1984) ‘making of a Moonie’ OPO
Venkatesh (2009) Gang leader for a day OPO
Humphreys (1970) CPO
Griffin- racism in 60’s America (1962) CPO
Patrick (1973) CPO

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13
Q

Unstructured Interview key study- Dobash and Dobash

A

Unstructured interviews on the triggers for domestic violence.
Some unstructured interviews took 8 hours.
Found: the trigger for DV was when a woman challenged male authority.
Marriage legitimates violence against women by giving men power and authority over their lives.

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14
Q

Structured interview key study- British crime survey for England and Wales.

A

Measured crime since 1981.
Asking members of the public about their experiences of crime over the last 12 months.
Structured interviews over the phone or in the home.
75% of 40,000 households on average take part.

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15
Q

Field experiments key study: Rosenthal and Jacobson

A

IQ tested a class of pupils in the 60’s.
randomly tested IQ on students and covertly told teachers they will be ‘spurters’.
Returned a year later, found the ‘spurters’ had made the most progress.
found: SFP had occurred when the students were positively labeled and interacted with as spurters.

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16
Q

Laboratory experiment- key study- Mayo

A

Factor’s affecting worker’s productivity in the Hawthorne plant.
5 female workers volunteered to participate and Knew mayo was conducting the experiment.
Altered different variables eg: heating to see if it had an effect on the worker’s output.
Found: output continued to improve when working conditions got worse.
Hawthorne effect occurred, they did not respond to the experimental variables and instead responded to the fact that they were being studied.

17
Q

Questionnaires key study- census

A

postal questionnaires sent by the government.
Analysed by the computer due to the structured nature.
High representativeness