learning and memory

Question 1

human memory is what

Answer 1

absolutely dynamic

Question 2

the brain isnt known for what

Answer 2

being accurate

Question 3

different memories have what

Answer 3

different time courses

Question 4

what is the brain mechanism iconic

Answer 4

less than a second, in each sensory buffer

Question 5

what is the brain mechanism short-term

Answer 5

usually 30 seconds or so

Question 6

what is the brain mechanism intermediate-term

Answer 6

not permanent, what you ate yesterday(working memory)

Question 7

what is the brain mechanism long-term

Answer 7

memory that lasts for years

Question 8

learning is the process of what?

Answer 8

storing new information and that stored information

Question 9

what are two types of long-term memory

Answer 9

declarative and nondeclarative

Question 10

what is declarative memory

Answer 10

telling

Question 11

what is nondeclarative memory

Answer 11

showing

Question 12

what are the 2 types of declarative memory

Answer 12

episodic and semantic

Question 13

what is a nondeclarative memory

Answer 13

skill learning

Question 14

what is episodic

Answer 14

stuff about you

Question 15

what is semantic

Answer 15

stuff about the rest of the world

Question 16

retrograde amnesia

Answer 16

forgetting past memories

Question 17

anterograde amnesia

Answer 17

cannot form any new memories

Question 18

what is korsakoff syndrome

Answer 18

amnesia caused by lack of thiamine-esp in alcoholics

Question 19

what does korsakoff syndrome cause damage to

Answer 19

damage in mammillary bodies and basal frontal lobes

Question 20

what did K.C’s bilateral hippocampal injury cause

Answer 20

his semantic memory remained the same, but he lost his episodic memory

Question 21

unwanted recall of fearful stimuli creates what

Answer 21

feed-forward loop causing an emotional reaction that reinforces memory

Question 22

how does emotion effect memory

Answer 22

events are remembered better

Question 23

how does the brain recall pictures

Answer 23

right prefrontal cortex and left and right parahippocampal cortex are activated

Question 24

how does the brain recall words

Answer 24

same structures on the left side are activated

Question 25

hippocampus is not the location of what

Answer 25

long term memory

Question 26

consolidation of memory involves what

Answer 26

the hippocampus
-takes time to occur; vulnerable; changed upon recall/restorage

Question 27

where are most memories stored

Answer 27

cortex

Question 28

sleep after learning enhances memory processing in hippocampus which induces what

Answer 28

info transfer between hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex

Question 29

where does the brain encode episodic memories

Answer 29

the anterior medial temporal system

Question 30

where does the brain retrieve episodic memories

Answer 30

posterior medial temporal system

Question 31

hippocampus holds what

Answer 31

new declarative memories; temporal/spatial memory

Question 32

amygdala holds what

Answer 32

memories that involve emotions

Question 33

the inferotemporal cortex holds what

Answer 33

visual images

Question 34

the prefrontal cortex holds what

Answer 34

remembering how you learned something

Question 35

the basal ganglia and cerebellum holds what

Answer 35

nondeclarative for sensorimotor and motor patterns

Question 36

the mediodorsal nucleus does what

Answer 36

connects to prefrontal lobe, which integrates and sorts memories

Question 37

how do some aspects of memory decline

Answer 37

with age

Question 38

older people show impaired internally generated memory, but what

Answer 38

respond well to external cues

Question 39

what remains stable in older people

Answer 39

autobiographical and semantic memories

Question 40

what functions decline as we age

Answer 40

executive function and navigation skills

Question 41

how does Alzheimer’s spread through the brain

Answer 41

like an infection