Departure

Question 1

When may you be instructed to Hold short of the ILS critical area boundary?

Answer 1

At towered airports when the ceiling is less than 800 ft (AGL) and the visibility is lower than 2 SM and there is an aircraft inside the FAF.

*At non-towered airports it is a good idea to check if there are any aircraft inside the FAF under these same conditions and hold short if so.

Question 2

What is a RWY incursion?

Answer 2

Any time when an unauthorized aircraft or vehicle is inside the protected area of a RWY designated for T/O or LDG

Question 3

What is a Surface Incident?

Answer 3

Unapproved entry into the movement area

Question 4

What are ways we can avoid a RWY or Taxiway incursion? (get at least 4)

Answer 4

1. Read back AND clarify (if needed) any ATC instructions
2. Always have the airport diagram handy
3. Write down taxi instructions!
4. Use the G1000 Safe Taxi feature
5. Review Taxiway NOTAMS
6. Review possible taxi routes prior to T/O or LDG.
7. Request a progressive taxi from ATC.

Question 5

What kind of equipment failures or malfunctions are you required to report under IFR?

Answer 5

FAR 91.187(a) + AIM 5-3-3

You must report the following..
1. Loss of VOR, TACAN or ADF
2. GPS anomalies while using IFR certified GPS
3. Loss or partial loss of ILS receiver capability
4. Impairment of communications
5. Loss of any equipment which may impair safety

Question 6

How can your IFR departure clearance be obtained?

Answer 6

Towered airport - Ground Control or Clearance Delivery

Uncontrolled airports - Check CS for frequency or phone number (state IFR, dep & arr airports)

Question 7

What WX minimums are required for IFR T/O?

Answer 7

It depends on what regulation your operation falls under

Part 91
- None (not smart)

For all other ops
- 2 or less Engines = 1 SM visibility
- More than two engines = 1/2 SM visibility
- ** Provided no other dep mins are specifically published for that airport

Question 8

What is a good rule of thumb for determining T/O minimums under an IFR flight?

Answer 8

1. If the airport has an IAP, use the highest minimums as your T/O mins
   - This is a safe rule
   - This also ensures you will have the ability to return to the field if needed
2. If no IAP is published, have at least Basic VFR.

Question 9

Explain some risk mitigation strategies for a low IMC takeoff.

Answer 9

• Set and abide by your personal T/O minimums
• Check for any available ODPs
• Determine if any obstacles or terrain will increase your risk
• Check for published departure minimums and follow them even if you are under part 91.
• Use part 121, 1 SM viz or the highest IAP mins as your T/O mins if none are available
• Consider a delay or cancel

Question 10

What are Departure Procedures and why are they necessary?

Answer 10

Preplanned departure route that provide obstruction clearance from the terminal environment to the enroute environment
- they also relieve ATC workload and increase efficiency
- Part 91 pilots are strongly encouraged to fly DP at night, during marginal VMC and IMC

• DPs may serve multiple RWYs or even airports

Question 11

What are the two types of departure procedures and what are they?

Answer 11

AIM 5-4-9

1. Obstacle Departure Procedures - Published at many non-towered airports when an obstacle penetrates the 40:1 departure obstacle clearance surface (OCS). Textual or graphical format.
2. Standard Instrument Departure (SID) - Purposed to reduce ATC workload and increase efficiency. Reduce pilot/controller workload. You MUST have an ATC clearance to fly a SID

Question 12

What types of Departure Procedures requires a specific ATC clearance to fly?

Answer 12

AIM 5-4-9

1. A Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
2. VCOA

Question 13

What is an ODP?

Answer 13

AIM 5-4-9

Obstacle Departure Procedure
- Provide obstacle clearance from the terminal environment to the enroute structure.
- Published at many non-towered airports when an obstacle penetrates the 40:1 departure obstacle clearance surface (OCS).
- Textual or graphical format.

Question 14

What is a SID?

Answer 14

AIM 5-4-9

Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
- Provide obstacle clearance from the terminal environment to the enroute structure.
- Purposed to reduce ATC workload and increase efficiency.
- Reduce pilot/controller workload.
- You MUST have an ATC clearance to fly a SID
- Always in graphical format

• A SID may serve multiple RWYs or even airports

Question 15

How would you know if the SID you have been cleared to fly requires Radar?

Answer 15

Waypoints or fixes may not be connected by lines. ATC will give you vectors to a specific fix or waypoint on the chart after departure.

Question 16

What criteria is used to provide obstruction clearance on an IFR departure?

Answer 16

Standard Obstruction Clearance is met based on the following criteria/assumptions..

1. You clear the departure end of the RWY by at least 35 ft
2. A climb to 400ft AGL prior to any turn
3. You maintain a min climb gradient of 200ft per NM (this may vary by DP!)

Question 17

What is a Diverse Vector Area (DVA)?

Answer 17

These are areas where ATC may provide random radar vectors during an climb from the RWY till above their Minimum Vectoring Altitude.
- DVAs provide obstacle clearance in lieu of an ODP or SID

Question 18

Where can you find Departure Procedures published?

Answer 18

1. Section L of the Terminal Procedures Publication
2. Garmin Pilot

Question 19

What does it mean if you notice there aren’t any kind of Departure Procedures listed for your airport that also has an IAP?

Answer 19

This means that you can safely depart in any direction and climb up to the lowest safe altitude.

**DPs are always made for an airport with an IAP UNLESS its safe to depart in all directions
**If there is no IAP and NO DPs published, you can still depart (legally), but you are responsible for your own obstacle clearance…