Plastics Flashcards
abrasive (adj)
→ abrasive (n)
→ abrasion
An abrasive material is used to cut, grind or polish softer materials.
abreibend, abschleifend
(auch: aggressiv, grob)
→ Schleif- / Strahlmittel
→ Abrieb, Abschliff
to account for
(Packaging accounts for almost a third of all plastic consumption.)
beitragen zu, etw. ausweisen
acid
→ acid-proof
→ acid rain
An acid is a substance which can
damage the surface of materials.
Some plastics are acid-proof.
Säure
säurebeständig, säurefest
→ wasserdicht, imprägniert
saurer Regen
to age
→ ageing
UV radiation makes plastic age
faster.
altern
→ Alterungsprozess
aluminium (Al)
→ aluminum (Am.Engl.)
Aluminium is widely used, often in alloy forms
Aluminium
alloy
→ to alloy
An alloy is a homogeneous mixture containing two or more metallic
elements.
Legierung, Beisatz
→ legieren
appliance
→ household appliance
Plastics are used in the
production of a wide range of
household appliances.
Gerät, Vorrichtung
→ Haushaltsgerät
artificial material
(Plastic is an artificial material,
often made from oil)
künstliches Material
bacteria (pl., rarely in the sg:
bacterium)
Bacteria are single cell
microorganisms.
Bakterien
brass
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Trumpets and saxophones are brass instruments
Messing
brittle
→ brittleness
Glass has to be handled carefully
because it is extremely brittle.
brüchig, spröde
→ Brüchigkeit, Sprödigkeit
capability
→ capable of
→ to be capable of doing sth
Some materials have the
capability of returning to their
original shape after deformation
Fähigkeit, Befähigung
→ fähig, imstande
→ fähig, imstande sein etw. zu tun
ceramic material
→ ceramics
A ceramic material is an inorganic,
non-metallic material.
keramisches Material
→ Keramik
coating
→ to coat sth with
Cables have a PVC coating for
mechanical protection.
Belag, Beschichtung,
→ mit etw beschichten
component [kəm’poʊnənt]
A machine consists of many
components.
Bauelement, Bestandteil
conductive
→ conductivity
→ to conduct
Copper is a very conductive
material.
leitfähig
→ Leitfähigkeit
→ leiten
to consist of sth
Steel consists of iron and carbon.
aus etw. bestehen, s. aus etw.
zusammensetzten
consumption
→ consumer
→ to consume
The chart represents the
consumption of plastic by type
Verbrauch
→ Konsument
→ verbrauchen, konsumieren
copper (Cu)
Copper conducts well; that is why it
is used in wires and cables
Kupfer
corrosion (noun)
→ corrosive (adj)
→ corrosive (n)
Corrosion is caused by oxidation or
chemical action.
Korrosion
→ ätzend, zersetzend
→ Ätzstoff / Korrosionsmittel
cost-efficient
≠ rentable
Taken over their lifetime,
plastics are cost-efficient.
rentabel, kostengünstig
≠ mietbar
degradation
→ chemical degradation
→ biodegradable
Chemical degradation is the
separation of a chemical
compound into smaller units.
Organic material is
biodegradable.
Abbau, Zersetzung, auch:
Verschlechterung
→ chemischer Abbau
→ biologisch abbaubar
density
→ denseMathematically, density is
defined as mass divided by
volume: p=m/V
(Massen- / Raum-)Dichte
→ dicht, kompakt
to disintegrate
Biodegradable plastics can
disintegrate into other natural
components
abbauen, (sich) auflösen
to distinguish between
= to differentiate between
≠ to differ from
We distinguish (differentiate)
between various categories of
plastics.
Thermosets differ from
thermoplastics in that they
cannot be recycled.
etw. unterscheiden, differenzieren
≠ sich unterscheiden, abweichen
to dispose of sth
→ disposal
→ waste disposal
Alkaline batteries can be safely
disposed of in normal
household garbage.
etw. entsorgen, beseitigen
→ Entsorgung
→ Müllabfuhr
durable
non-durable
→ durability
Plastics are durable. The resistance of materials to corrosion is called
durability.
haltbar, beständig, langlebig
nicht dauerhaft
→ Haltbarkeit, Dauerhaftigkeit
ferrous metals
non-ferrous metals
Ferrous metals contain iron
whereas non-ferrous metals do not contain iron.
Eisenmetalle
NE (Nichteisen-)metalle
fire-retardant (adj + noun)
→ flame-proof = fire resistant
= fire-proof
Asbestos is a fire-retardant
material.
feuerhemmend(es Mittel)
→ feuerfest, feuerbeständig
flexible
inflexible
→ flexibility
Some plastics can be very flexible
flexibel
unflexibel
→ Flexibilität, Biegbarkeit
elastic
inelastic
→ elasticity
Elastic materials return to their
original shape and size after
deformation.
elastisch
unelastisch
→ Federkraft, Dehnbarkeit
to equip
→ equipment
The robot is equipped with the
latest technology
ausrüsten, ausstatten
→ Ausstattung, Ausrüstung